身体検査のスキルの評価. 教員オブザーバーと患者インストラクターの信頼性
1Division of General Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland.
JAMA
|December 18, 1987
まとめ
教員オブザーバーは,身体検査のスキルを確実に評価するのに苦労しており,そのうちの32%が欠けている. 患者インストラクターはより高い信頼性を示し,医療教育における訓練生評価システムの改善の必要性を強調した.
科学分野:
- 医療教育 医療教育について
- クリニックスキルの評価
- ヘルスケアプロフェッショナル・トレーニングは,ヘルスケアのプロフェッショナル・トレーニングです.
背景:
- 効果的な医療教育には,身体検査のスキルの信頼性の高い評価が必要です.
- 現在の評価方法では,追加の指導を必要とする受験者を適切に特定できない可能性があります.
- 標準化された評価は,臨床能力の確保に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 医学生の身体検査スキルを評価する際の学部オブザーバーと患者インストラクターの信頼性を評価する.
- 観察による評価が最も信頼できない特定の分野を特定する.
- 患者インストラクターの評価と教員の評価の信頼性を比較する.
主な方法:
- 医学部生は,一般の身体検査を行った.
- 教員オブザーバーと患者インストラクターは,学生の成績を評価した.
- 評価者間の信頼性は,両方の観察者グループで計算された.
- 特定の検査部位 (頭,首,腹部) を分析して,一致した結果が得られました.
主要な成果:
- 教員オブザーバーは,身体検査のスキルの68%しか信頼性が高く評価できなかった.
- 首,頭部,腹部検査では,教員との合意が最も低かった.
- 患者インストラクターは,教員が信頼性のある評価をしたスキルの83%を信頼的に評価しました.
- 患者インストラクターは,教員と比較して特定の分野においてより高い信頼性を示した.
結論:
- 身体検査のパフォーマンスを評価するための現在の方法は限られています.
- 教員オブザーバーは,臨床的スキルを評価する際,著しい変動を示しています.
- 患者インストラクターは,訓練が限られている場合でも,特定の分野においてより信頼できる評価を提供します.
- 医学教育における既存の研修者評価システムを精錬し,検証することが極めて必要である.
関連する概念動画
Data Collection III
The physical assessment examines the patient for objective data that defines the patient's condition, and aids in formulating the nursing care plan. The purpose of physical assessment is a health status appraisal, which includes identifying health problems, and establishing a database for nursing intervention.
The principles to begin the physical assessment include conducting a comprehensive or problem-related history in a quiet, well-lit room, emphasizing privacy and comfort for the patient.
The principles to begin the physical assessment include conducting a comprehensive or problem-related history in a quiet, well-lit room, emphasizing privacy and comfort for the patient.
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles
A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection
Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation
Physical assessment of the respiratory tract is critical in identifying potential health issues. One key component of this assessment is palpation, a technique healthcare providers use to assess the body for abnormalities. This content explores the method of palpation in evaluating the respiratory tract, focusing on thoracic palpation and tactile fremitus.
Thoracic Palpation
Thoracic palpation detects tenderness, masses, lesions, respiratory excursions, and vocal fremitus. The nurse assesses...
Thoracic Palpation
Thoracic palpation detects tenderness, masses, lesions, respiratory excursions, and vocal fremitus. The nurse assesses...
Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation
Palpation is a crucial tactile examination method for assessing abdominal organs and detecting conditions like tenderness, distention, masses, or fluid. It involves both light and deep palpation techniques, each serving specific diagnostic purposes. Light palpation helps identify tenderness and other surface-level indicators, while deep palpation locates and assess abdominal masses and organ boundaries. A skilled professional can gather valuable insights through palpation, including evaluating...
Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion
Percussion is a fundamental technique used to assess the liver, spleen, and abdominal organs by tapping the abdomen and interpreting the resulting sounds. This method helps identify fluid, distention, and masses through variations in sound, such as the high-pitched tympany of air-filled areas and the dullness of solid masses. Understanding how to percuss these organs provides valuable information for healthcare professionals in diagnosing conditions early.
Percussion
Percussion is an essential...
Percussion
Percussion is an essential...


