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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

12.3K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
12.3K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.4K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.4K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

7.9K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
7.9K
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation01:28

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

4.7K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
4.7K
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

18.6K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
18.6K
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

10.6K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
10.6K

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Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

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アロマティック・カーボニルの光触媒的水素化のための還元条件下での酸化したPd表面の形成と安定化

Wei Qiao1,2, Xing Fan3, Weifeng Liu4

  • 1Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 28, 2023
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究は,芳香性カルボニルをOフリーな芳香質に変換するための新しい光触媒法を導入しています. グラフィット性炭酸化物上のパラジアム酸化物 (PdO) のコカタリストは,穏やかな条件下で効率的なアセチル化と水素化を可能にします.

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Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
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Photodeposition of Pd onto Colloidal Au Nanorods by Surface Plasmon Excitation
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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

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Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
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Photodeposition of Pd onto Colloidal Au Nanorods by Surface Plasmon Excitation
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Photodeposition of Pd onto Colloidal Au Nanorods by Surface Plasmon Excitation

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科学分野:

  • キャタリシス
  • 材料科学
  • 緑の化学

背景:

  • 光触媒は,アロマティックカルボニル水素化の環境に優しい代替手段を提供します.
  • 従来の方法は高圧と高温を必要とし,しばしば不完全な脱酸素化をもたらします.
  • アロマティックカルボニルは,環境条件下で完全な脱酸素化のための挑戦的な基板です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 芳香カルボニルからO無アロマティックを生産するための効率的で選択的な光触媒経路を開発する.
  • アセトライゼーションとその後の水素化を含む新しい水素化経路を調査する.
  • この変換のための光触媒の性能と安定性を高めるために.

主な方法:

  • グラフィット性炭酸ガスを基にしたパラジアム酸化物 (PdO) コカタリストの構築.
  • 可視光照射 (410 nm) を使用した芳香カルボニルの光触媒化水素化.
  • 反応条件の最適化,安定性のために痕量HClの添加を含む.

主要な成果:

  • PdOの表面は,効率的な脱酸素化につながる段階的なアセチゼーションと水素化の経路を容易にしました.
  • ベンザルデヒドをトルーエンに光触媒的に水素化することで>90%の選択性を達成した.
  • 約10. 2%の量子効率が観察されました.
  • 触媒は,痕跡のHClの存在下での長期の安定性と活性を示した.

結論:

  • 開発されたPdO/グラフィティック・カーボン・ナトリド・システムは,光触媒によるOフリーアロマティック物質の選択的合成のための効果的な戦略を提供します.
  • PdOのユニークな表面化学は,望ましいアセトライゼーション-水素化経路を促進します.
  • このアプローチは,Oフリーアロマティックを生産する従来の精製プロセスに有望で持続可能な代替手段を提供します.