熱帯 森林 の 伐採 に よっ て 観測 さ れ て いる 降雨量 が 大幅 に 減少 する
C Smith1, J C A Baker2, D V Spracklen2
1School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. ee13c2s@leeds.ac.uk.
Nature
|March 1, 2023
まとめ
熱帯の森林伐採により 熱帯の降雨量が大幅に減少し 影響は広範囲に広がります 熱帯雨林の保全は 地域の気候の安定と 降雨パターンの維持に不可欠です
科学分野:
- 気候学
- エコロジー
- 環境科学
背景:
- 熱帯雨林は 地球規模の水循環の重要な構成要素です
- 熱帯森林伐採が降雨に及ぼす影響に関する以前の研究は 局所的なケーススタディに限られていた.
- 森林伐採と降雨の相互作用を様々な空間規模で包括的に分析する必要がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 熱帯森林伐採と降雨の関係に関する汎熱帯的評価を行う.
- 森林伐採が様々なスケールで 降雨にどのように影響するかを調べる
- コンゴのような特定の地域における 森林破壊による将来の降水変化を予測する.
主な方法:
- パン熱帯分析のために衛星,ステーションベースの再分析データセットを使用した.
- 雨量の変化を評価するために,2003年から2017年の森林損失を調べた.
- 200kmまでの空間スケールで森林破壊に対する降雨反応を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 熱帯の森林破壊地域における 降雨量の大幅な減少を示した.
- 森林破壊が降雨量に与える影響は大きくなって,50kmを超えると大幅な減少が見られた.
- 200kmのスケールで最大の降雨減少を特定し, 1%の森林損失が月間降雨を0.25 ± 0.1mm減少させた.
結論:
- 熱帯森林伐採は,特に大きな空間規模で,降雨量の大幅な減少につながります.
- 再分析とステーションデータの不一致は,熱帯雨量監視の改善の必要性を強調しています.
- コンゴにおける将来の森林破壊は,気候変動に対する森林保全の重要性を強調し,地域の降雨量の大幅な減少 (2100年までに8-10%) を引き起こす可能性がある.
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