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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

23.8K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
23.8K
Lewis Acids and Bases02:33

Lewis Acids and Bases

44.4K
In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
A coordinate covalent bond (or dative bond) occurs when one of the atoms in the bond provides both bonding electrons. For example, a coordinate covalent bond occurs when a water molecule combines with a hydrogen ion to form a hydronium ion. A coordinate covalent bond also results when...
44.4K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

41.9K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
41.9K
Complexation Equilibria: Overview01:23

Complexation Equilibria: Overview

760
Complexation reactions take place when dative or coordinate covalent bonds form between metal ions and ligands. The compounds formed in these reactions are called coordination compounds. The number of bonds formed between the metal ion and the ligands is called its coordination number. Generally, most metal ions in an aqueous solution are solvated by water molecules and thus exist as aqua complexes.
The equilibrium constant of the complexation reaction is represented as the formation constant...
760
Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

42.0K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
42.0K
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

1.6K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
1.6K

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Updated: Aug 8, 2025

In Situ Lithiated Reference Electrode: Four Electrode Design for In-operando Impedance Spectroscopy
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誘導効果だけでは,電極界面でのルイス誘導体の形成と解離を説明できない.

Sevan Menachekanian1, Matthew J Voegtle1, Robert E Warburton2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 2, 2023
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は電極表面にルイス酸塩添加物を作りました 窒素-ボロンの結合はイオン効果により負の電位で割れ,これは電解と電気吸収を理解するために重要である.

さらに関連する動画

Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy
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Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy

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A Method to Manipulate Surface Tension of a Liquid Metal via Surface Oxidation and Reduction
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A Method to Manipulate Surface Tension of a Liquid Metal via Surface Oxidation and Reduction

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関連する実験動画

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In Situ Lithiated Reference Electrode: Four Electrode Design for In-operando Impedance Spectroscopy
09:36

In Situ Lithiated Reference Electrode: Four Electrode Design for In-operando Impedance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 12, 2018

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Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy
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A Method to Manipulate Surface Tension of a Liquid Metal via Surface Oxidation and Reduction
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科学分野:

  • 表面化学
  • 電気化学
  • 材料科学

背景:

  • 電化界面におけるルイス結合の理解は,電触媒と電気吸収の鍵となる.
  • インターフェイスの複雑さはしばしばこれらの結合の体系的な研究を妨げます.
  • 界面のルイス酸塩相互作用を検知するにはモデルシステムが必要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • エレクトロッドの表面にメイングループルイス酸塩添加物を生成し,研究する.
  • 異なる電極電位下での この誘導体の振る舞いを調査する.
  • 電気化されたインターフェイスでルイス結合の分裂を制御するメカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

  • メルカプトピリジン (ルイス塩基) とボロン三化物 (BF3,ルイス酸) を用いてルイス酸塩添加物の形成.
  • 誘導体の安定性と分裂を研究するための電気化学的測定.
  • Li+BF4電解質を用いた可逆性の調査

主要な成果:

  • 安定したルイス結合 (N-B) がメルカプトピリジンとBF3の間に電極表面で形成された.
  • N-B結合は,約0.3Vの負の電位で,電流なしでAg/AgClで裂けました.
  • Li+BF4電解質からBF3を供給すると,割れが完全に逆転する.
  • 電気誘導とインターフェイスのイオン効果の両方がN-B結合に影響します.

結論:

  • 負のポテンシャルでルイス結合分裂を 誘導するだけでなく インターフェイスのイオン構造と均衡も
  • この研究は,ルイス酸塩間の相互作用に関する基本的な洞察を提供します.
  • この発見は,電気触媒および電気吸収システムの設計に関連しています.