電気信号の移動性タンパク質エフェクターとしてのリッカの因子
Yong-Qiang Gao1, Pedro Jimenez-Sandoval1, Satyam Tiwari1
1Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Cell
|March 4, 2023
まとめ
植物防御信号は,スローウェーブポテンシャル (SWP) と呼ばれ,β-チオグルコシドグルコヒドラゼ1と2 (TGG1とTGG2) という酵素によって媒介される. これらの酵素は 昆虫の餌に反応して 植物器官間の電気信号伝達を促進します
科学分野:
- 植物生物学
- 分子信号
- 生物化学
背景:
- 葉を食べる昆虫は,植物防御に不可欠な電気信号 (スローウェーブポテンシャル,SWP) を誘導する.
- 遠距離信号は低分子量誘発体を含むと考えられているが,媒介体はほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- アラビドプシス・タリアナの葉から葉への電気信号の媒介者を特定する.
- 傷による電気反応における特定の酵素の役割を解明する.
主な方法:
- 変異植物を用いた遺伝子分析
- スローウェーブポテンシャルとシトソリックCa2+増加の測定.
- 酵素活性と代謝物質のプロファイルの生化学的測定
- 生体内での化学捕獲実験
主要な成果:
- * tgg1 tgg2 * ミュータントでは,SWPの伝播と傷によるCa2+シグナルが著しく減少した.
- リコンビネントTGG1は膜脱極化とCa2+トランジエンスを誘導し,キセラムに供給した.
- TGG1とTGG2は,グルコシノレート脱糖化を触媒として作用することが示された.
- グルコシノレート水解による短命の中間物質は,SWP生成に関与していた.
結論:
- β-チオグルコシドグルコヒドラゼ1と2 (TGG1とTGG2) は,植物における昆虫誘発の電気信号の主要な媒介体である.
- 臓器から臓器へのタンパク質の輸送は,特にTGGを含む,植物電気信号と防御応答の重要なメカニズムです.
関連する概念動画
01:21Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
2.7K
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
2.7K
01:17Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.7K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.7K
01:11IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway
12.3K
Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
12.3K
01:39Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
2.4K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
2.4K
01:16Calmodulin-dependent Signaling
5.2K
Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
5.2K
01:14Rab Proteins
4.0K
Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
4.0K