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呼吸道 から 脳 へ の 感覚 経路 は,インフルエンザ に よっ て 発症 する 病気 を 媒介 する
Na-Ryum Bin1, Sara L Prescott1,2, Nao Horio1
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|March 8, 2023
まとめ
感染症は 新たに発見された 呼吸道から脳までの 感覚経路を通して 病気の行動を誘発します この経路はプロスタグランディンを検出し,呼吸器ウイルスの病気への反応を媒介するのに不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 免疫学
- 感染症
背景:
- 病原菌の感染は 神経回路によって誘発される 病気の行動を誘発します
- プロスタグランジンE2 (PGE2) は病気に関与しており,主要なモデルでは血脳障壁を通過して下垂体ニューロンに作用することを示唆しています.
- ナチュラル感染で病気を誘発する神経免疫メカニズムは 明らかになっていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 呼吸器ウイルスの感染中に病気の行動に責任のある特定の神経回路と神経免疫相互作用を特定する.
- プロスタグランジンE2 (PGE2) が病気の反応を媒介する役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- 周辺感覚ニューロンをマッピングする 遺伝的ツールを活用した
- インフルエンザ誘発性疾患における光喉感受性ニューロン (ペトロサルGABRA1ニューロン) の役割を調査した.
- 特定されたニューロンのPGE2受容体3 (EP3) の標的ノックアウトを行いました.
- 神経経路の遺伝学的に導かれた 解剖学的なマッピングを行いました
主要な成果:
- マウスのインフルエンザ誘発性疾患行動に不可欠な,PGE2を検出するペトロサルGABRA1ニューロンの小さな集団を特定した.
- これらのニューロンの切除またはEP3ノックアウトは,病気の行動 (食物/水の摂取,移動能力の低下) を排除し,生存率を向上させた.
- これらのニューロンは,感染後のサイクロオキシゲネーゼ-2発現が増加した鼻膜領域に発射され,特定の脳幹軸索標的を示します.
結論:
- 主要な呼吸道から脳への感覚経路が 発見されました 局所的に生成されたプロスタグランディンです
- この経路は,呼吸器ウイルス感染症に対する全身疾患の反応を媒介するために重要です.
- 中枢ニューロンに対する直接的なPGE2作用のモデルに挑戦し,周辺的感覚の役割を強調する.
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