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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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スピロボレート結合イオンコバルント適応性網は,迅速な再処理性と閉ループリサイクル性を有する.

Hongxuan Chen1, Yiming Hu1, Chaoqian Luo2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 14, 2023
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は,スピロボレート化学を用いた新しいイオン共性適応ネットワーク (ICAN) を開発した. これらの材料は,迅速な再処理とクローズド・ループのリサイクルが可能で,持続可能なポリマーの開発の可能性を示しています.

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科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 材料科学
  • 超分子化学

背景:

  • 結合性適応性ネットワーク (CAN) は,熱固体強度と熱可塑性再処理性を組み合わせている.
  • ダイナミックな共価結合により,CANは外部の刺激によって再構成される.
  • 離子ポリマー (イオノマー) は,離子グループによりユニークな性質を持っています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 負の電荷のバックボーンに基づいた最初のイオン共電性適応ネットワーク (ICAN) を導入する.
  • これらの新しいICANの再処理性と再利用性を調査する.
  • ダイナミックなイオン結合の創造におけるスピロボラート化学の有用性を実証する.

主な方法:

  • スピロボラート化学を用いた2つの異なる骨組みのICANの合成
  • 機械的に破裂したサンプルを加熱することによって再処理の評価.
  • モノマーを回収するための酸処理による化学的リサイクル性の評価

主要な成果:

  • 合成されたICANは,1分以内に120°Cで迅速な再処理が可能で,機械的性質はほぼ100%回復しました.
  • 密閉ループの化学リサイクルは,室温で希釈された塩酸を使用して達成され,ほぼ定量的な量のモノマーが得られました.
  • スピロボレート結合は,イオノマー熱固体に対するダイナミックなイオンクロスリンクとして有効であることが証明された.

結論:

  • スピロボラート化学は,再処理可能でリサイクル可能なイオノマー・サーモセット (ICAN) の作成を可能にします.
  • これらのICANは 持続可能で 性能が向上し 寿命が延びる可能性を秘めています
  • 開発されたICANは,ダイナミックなポリマーネットワークの分野における重要な進歩を表しています.