アマゾンの森林の炭素バランスを予測する
Julia Valentim Tavares1,2, Rafael S Oliveira3, Maurizio Mencuccini4,5
1School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. tavares.juliav@gmail.com.
Nature
|April 26, 2023
まとめ
熱帯森林
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 植物生理学
- 気候科学
背景:
- 熱帯雨林は 気候変動に対する 重要なリスクに直面していますが 気候変動に対する 森林の反応を予測するのは 森林の水圧抵抗性についての理解が不足しているため 困難です
- 干ばつによる死亡リスクの重要な指標は,キセム栓塞症耐性値 (P50) と水力安全率 (HSM50) ですが,アマゾン全域でのその変動はほとんど知られていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 標準化された全アマゾンの水力特性データセットを作成します.
- 地域による干ばつ感受性の変動を評価する
- 生物種の分布と森林のバイオマスの蓄積に対する水力特性の予測力を評価する.
主な方法:
- パンアマゾンの標準化水力特性のデータセットのまとめ
- P50とHSM50における地域的変動の分析
- 水力特性を種分布と生物量変化と関連付けるための統計モデリング
主要な成果:
- P50とHSM50はアマゾン全域で顕著な地域変動を示し,長期の降雨パターンと相関しています.
- P50とHSM50は,アマゾンの樹種の分布に影響を与えています.
- HSM50は10年間の森林バイオマス変化の主な予測因子であり,より広いHSM50はバイオマス増加と関連しています.
結論:
- 森林の生物質の動態とアマゾンの気候変動に対する回復力を理解するために,水力学的安全限界 (HSM50) は極めて重要です.
- HSM50の幅が広い森林では 成長率と死亡率のトレードオフにより バイオマスが蓄積されています
- 気候の変化が顕著な地域では 生物質が減少しており 種が水力限界を超え アマゾンの炭素吸収機能を脅かしています
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