248のゲノムアセンブリのキュレーションを通して,哺乳類のTE多様性への洞察
Austin B Osmanski1, Nicole S Paulat1, Jenny Korstian1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 27, 2023
まとめ
哺乳類は類似した移植可能な元素 (TE) の多様性を共有しているが,最近のTE蓄積では異なっている. 特定の TE型は,長い間隔の要素のように,遺伝子サイズに影響し,食事習慣は潜在的にDNAトランポゾン活動と関連しています.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクス
- 進化生物学
- バイオ情報学
背景:
- トランスポーザブル要素 (TEs) は,ゲノム進化を形作る 移動性遺伝子配列である.
- TEのダイナミクスを理解することは,ゲノムサイズの変化と進化の軌道を解読するのに不可欠です.
- 以前の研究では TE含有量に関する洞察が得られたが,哺乳類における大規模な比較分析は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 胎盤の哺乳類のゲノムで最大規模の de novo 移植可能要素 (TE) キュレーションを行うこと.
- 近年のTE蓄積のパターンと哺乳類のゲノムサイズへの影響を調査する.
- TE含有量,ゲノムサイズ,食事などの生態学的要因との潜在的相関を調査する.
主な方法:
- 248種の胎盤哺乳類のゲノムアセンブリ分析
- 転置可能な要素 (TEs) の新規識別と注釈
- TE含量,多様性,および最近の蓄積パターンの比較分析
主要な成果:
- 哺乳類は TEの総含有量と多様性を維持しているが,最近 TEの蓄積には大きな違いがある.
- 最近のTE拡大と静止現象は哺乳類の系統学全体で観察されています.
- 長い間隔の要素 (LINE) はゲノムサイズ増加と関連しており,DNAトランポゾンはより小さなゲノムと相関しています.
- 哺乳類のゲノムは,いつでもいくつかのTE型に支配される傾向があります.
- 食事習慣とDNAトランポゾン侵入の流行の間の相関が確認された.
結論:
- 最近の TE 動態は TE 全体の含有量ではなく,哺乳類のゲノムサイズ変化の主要な要因です.
- 特定のTE族はゲノム進化において異なる役割を果たし,ゲノムの膨張や収縮に影響を与えます.
- 発見は,胎盤哺乳類における将来の比較性TE研究に価値ある基準を提供し,生態学的要因がTEの風景に影響を及ぼす可能性があることを示唆しています.
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