サウジアラビアの失明
JAMA
|June 27, 1986
まとめ
失明はサウジアラビアの1.5%に影響する.
科学分野:
- オフタルモロジック (眼科)
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 視覚障害と失明は,世界的な公衆衛生上の大きな課題となっています.
- 視力喪失の発生率と原因を理解することは,標的を絞った介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- サウジアラビア王国における視覚障害と眼疾患の流行と病因を決定する.
- サウジアラビアの人口における失明および視覚障害に関する疫学データを提供する.
主な方法:
- 定住人口から14,577人の被層化された地理的なクラスターサンプル.
- さらに2,233人のベドウィンの非統計的なサンプルも含まれていた.
- データ収集は,眼疾患に関する確立された調査方法論に従った.
主要な成果:
- 人口の1.5%が盲目,7.8%が視覚障害者 (WHOの定義) である.
- 失明の主な原因には,白内障,トラコーマ,角膜の傷跡,屈折誤差,先天性異常,緑内障などがあります.
- 白内障は,すべてのサウジアラビア人の7% (40歳以上の人の42%),角膜の傷跡は3.5%以上 (半数はトラコーマによる) に影響する.
結論:
- 白内障とトラコーマに関連した角膜の痕は,サウジアラビアの視力喪失に大きく貢献しています.
- 折射誤差,アンブリオピア,トラウマは,より軽度の視力障害の重要な原因です.
- この発見は,これらの一般的な状態に対処する包括的な眼科ケアプログラムの必要性を強調しています.
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