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関連する概念動画

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.5K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.5K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.6K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
2.6K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

2.7K
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
2.7K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

8.0K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
8.0K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

2.0K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
2.0K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.4K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.4K

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Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
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Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

Published on: November 21, 2017

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逆制御ポリメリゼーション (RCP):明確に定義されたポリマーからモノマーへの脱ポリメリゼーション

Glen R Jones1, Hyun Suk Wang1, Kostas Parkatzidis1

  • 1Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 1, 2023
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

制御されたポリメリゼーション技術により,正確なポリマー合成が可能になり,効率的な脱ポリメリゼーションの道が開けます. この研究はポリマーをモノマーに戻す方法を検討し,環境問題に取り組んでいます.

さらに関連する動画

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst

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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
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科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 材料科学
  • 持続可能な化学

背景:

  • 制御されたポリメリゼーション方法は,高精度のポリマー合成を提供します.
  • これらの方法は,特定のエンドグループ機能を持つポリマーを生成します.
  • ポリマーの脱ポリメリゼーションは プラスチック廃棄物に対処し,循環型経済を促進するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 制御されたポリメリゼーション技術で合成されたポリマーのための脱ポリメリゼーションの新興分野をレビューする.
  • ポリメリゼーション方法 (ラジカル,イオン,メタテシス) に基づく現在の文献を批判的に分析する.
  • デポリメリゼーションの効率と範囲を向上させるための将来の戦略を探求する.

主な方法:

  • 脱ポリマー化研究の文献レビューと批判的分析.
  • 制御されたポリメリゼーション方法に基づく脱ポリメリゼーション戦略の分類.
  • 低温システム,触媒,拡張されたポリマー範囲などの概念の探索.

主要な成果:

  • 制御されたポリメリゼーションは,より穏やかな条件下で脱ポリメリゼーションを可能にします.
  • 高精度な末端グループは,高効率なポリマーからモノマーへの変換の鍵です.
  • 様々な制御されたポリメリゼーション技術は,リサイクル可能なポリマーに希望を示しています.

結論:

  • 正確に合成されたポリマーの脱ポリマー化は,モノメアの回復への有効な経路です.
  • 触媒システムとより広範なポリマーの適用性に関するさらなる研究が必要である.
  • 制御されたデポリメリゼーションの進歩は,持続可能なポリマー管理に貢献します.