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関連する概念動画

Zones of Protection01:16

Zones of Protection

259
In power systems, the entire setup is divided into protective zones to isolate faults and protect the rest of the network. These zones include generators, transformers, buses, transmission lines, distribution lines, and motors. Each zone can be visualized as a separate room in a house, with each room protected by its own circuit breaker.
Protective zones are defined by closed dashed lines, containing one or more components. A key characteristic of these zones is the strategic placement of...
259
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions01:16

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions

532
Consider an external electric field propagating through a homogeneous medium. When the electric field crosses the surface boundary of the medium, it undergoes a discontinuity. The electric field can be resolved into normal and tangential components. The amount by which the field changes at any boundary is given by the difference between the field components above and below the surface boundary.
The surface integral of an electric field is given by Gauss's law in integral form and is related to...
532
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

1.0K
An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
1.0K
Geoid and Ellipsoid01:28

Geoid and Ellipsoid

77
The Earth's shape is best described as an ellipsoid, a slightly flattened sphere created by rotating an ellipse around its minor axis. This flattening results in the polar axis being about 21 kilometers shorter than the equatorial axis. In contrast, the geoid represents the Earth's gravitational shape and aligns with the mean sea level (MSL). The geoid is an irregular equipotential surface where gravity is perpendicular at every point. Variations in Earth's mass distribution cause geoid...
77
Boundary Conditions for Current Density01:25

Boundary Conditions for Current Density

915
Current density becomes discontinuous across an interface of materials with different electrical conductivities. The normal component of the current density is continuous across the boundary.
915
Conditions on Early Earth02:06

Conditions on Early Earth

94.0K
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
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Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling
06:55

Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling

Published on: August 5, 2016

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安全で公正な地球システムの境界線

Johan Rockström1,2,3, Joyeeta Gupta4,5, Dahe Qin6,7,8

  • 1Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany. johan.rockstrom@pik-potsdam.de.

Nature
|May 31, 2023
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

人類の福祉と地球システムの安定は 結びついているが,しばしば別々に扱われる. この研究は,安全で公正な地球システム境界 (ESB) を定量化し,そのほとんどはすでに超えられ,地球共通のものを脅かしています.

さらに関連する動画

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
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In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

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Soil Lysimeter Excavation for Coupled Hydrological, Geochemical, and Microbiological Investigations
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Soil Lysimeter Excavation for Coupled Hydrological, Geochemical, and Microbiological Investigations

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling
06:55

Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling

Published on: August 5, 2016

8.3K
In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
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In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

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Soil Lysimeter Excavation for Coupled Hydrological, Geochemical, and Microbiological Investigations
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Soil Lysimeter Excavation for Coupled Hydrological, Geochemical, and Microbiological Investigations

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科学分野:

  • 地球システム科学
  • 環境科学
  • 惑星の健康

背景:

  • 地球システムの安定と人間の幸福は 相互に関連していますが 孤立して研究されていることが多いのです
  • これらの相互依存性の認識が不足すると,独立した管理方法が生まれます.
  • この断絶は 環境の回復力と 人間社会の両方に リスクをもたらします

研究 の 目的:

  • 地球システムの重要な構成要素の安全で公正な境界線 (ESB) を定量化する.
  • 環境安全と人間の正義の両方の考慮を境界設定に統合する.
  • グローバル・コモンズを守るための 定量的な基盤を確立する

主な方法:

  • 先進的な地球システムモデリング技術を活用した.
  • 論文の評価を徹底した.
  • 気候,生物圏,水,栄養素の循環,およびエアロゾールの両方で定量化されたESB.

主要な成果:

  • 気候や大気中のエアロゾールの安全性よりも 司法上の考慮が 制約的であることが判明しました
  • 世界的に定量化された安全で公正なESBの7つが超えられました.
  • 世界の土地の半分以上で 少なくとも2つの地域の安全で公正な ESB が超えられています

結論:

  • 現在の地球システムの境界線は 大きく超えられていて 重要なリスクを示しています
  • 統合された安全で公正なESBは 地球の回復力と人間の幸福を維持するために不可欠です
  • この研究は,現在と将来の世代のためのグローバル・コモンズの管理のための定量的な枠組みを提供します.