関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 27, 2025
10:17
20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
Published on: July 12, 2017
11.6K
非常に明るいガンマ線爆発の狭いジェットからのテラ電子ボルトの余光
, Zhen Cao1,2,3, F Aharonian4,5
1Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 8, 2023
まとめ
大型高空シャワー観測所 (LHAASO) は,ガンマ線爆発 (GRB) 221009Aからの初期のテラ電子ボルト (TeV) の余光を検出しました. この観測はこれらの強力な宇宙現象の ジェット構造とエネルギーについて 新たな洞察を与えてくれます
科学分野:
- 高エネルギー天体物理学
- 宇宙線物理学
- ガンマ線天文学
背景:
- ガンマ線爆発 (GRB) は 宇宙で最も明るい爆発です
- いくつかのGRBはテラ電子ボルト (TeV) の後光を放つが,その初期段階はほとんど観測されないままである.
- 極度の天体物理環境を 探査するには GRBの余分な光を理解することが重要です
研究 の 目的:
- GRBから TeVの後に発光した最初の観測を報告する.
- GRB 221009Aからの TeV 放射の時間的な進化を特徴づける.
- GRBの原因となる 相対論ジェットの性質を調査する
主な方法:
- 大規模な高空シャワー観測所 (LHAASO) を利用し,大規模な空気シャワー検出を行いました.
- LHAASOの視野内で偶然 GRB 221009Aを観測した.
- 最初の3000秒で検出された エネルギーが0.2テレボルトを超える 6万4000個の光子を分析した.
主要な成果:
- GRBのトリガーから数分後に 重要なTeVの流れが検出されました
- 10秒後にピークに達した.
- ピークから650秒後に加速した衰退を特定した.
- 観測された放射は,半開角約0.8°の相対論的ジェットモデルと一致する.
結論:
- GRB 221009Aの初期の TeV 後光は,即時の高エネルギー放射の直接的な証拠を提供します.
- 観測された特徴は 放射は構造ジェットの中心から発生することを示唆しています
- この発見は,このGRBで観測された例外的に高い同位体エネルギーを説明するのに役立ちます.
関連する概念動画
01:20Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview
2.4K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
2.4K
03:23Types of Radioactivity
16.9K
The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
16.9K
02:26Photoelectric Effect
29.8K
When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
29.8K
01:12Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy
1.8K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation can be considered an oscillating electric and magnetic field propagating through a medium that can interact with matter in its path. The electric field in the radiation can interact with electrical charges in the atoms or molecules in the matter. On the other hand, the magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field in the atomic nucleus. The study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter is termed spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study...
1.8K
01:22Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
545
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
545
01:29Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab
211
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
211