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関連する概念動画

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

627
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

346
Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
346
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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溶性および加工可能な単結晶カチオンポリマー

Yang Liu1,2, Xin-Ru Guan1,2, Duan-Chao Wang1,2

  • 1Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

環境に優しい単結晶ポリメリゼーションにより,溶性ポリマー単結晶 (PSC) が得られます. これらの高結晶性材料は,処理能力と機能性を向上させ,ポリマー科学の応用を促進します.

さらに関連する動画

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
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科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 材料科学
  • クリスタルグラフィー

背景:

  • 単結晶対単結晶 (SCSC) ポリメリゼーションにより,高結晶性ポリマー単結晶 (PSC) が生成される.
  • 現存するPSCは溶解性が低いことが多く,実用的な応用と機能化後の利用を制限する.
  • PSCにおける構造と資産の関係を理解することは,物質開発にとって極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 固いポリケチオンの骨格を持つ溶解し,処理可能なポリマー単結晶 (PSC) を開発する.
  • 伝統的なPSCの溶解性の限界を克服する.
  • 処理可能なPSCの新たな応用を探求する.

主な方法:

  • 設計されたモノメアの紫外線誘発型化学ポリメリゼーション.
  • シングルクリスタルX線 difraktion (SCXRD),電子顕微鏡,およびNMRスペクトロスコーピーを用いた特徴付け.
  • アニオン交換によるポスト機能化

主要な成果:

  • 固い多塩基基基幹を持つ 溶解性で処理可能な PSC を成功して合成した.
  • 高結晶度と優れた溶解性を示し,固体と溶液相の特徴づけを可能にします.
  • 機能化後の水の浄化のための超水材料を達成しました.
  • 溶液の処理性により,優れたゲル状のリオロジカルな性質を示した.

結論:

  • この研究は,可溶性単結晶ポリマーの制御された合成と完全な特徴付けの重要な進歩を確立しています.
  • 開発されたPSCは,多様なアプリケーションを持つ機能的な材料を作成するための有望なプラットフォームを提供します.
  • この発見は,水浄化や先進的な材料の製造などの分野で,PSCのより広範な利用への道を開きます.