量子コンピューティングの有用性に関する証拠
Youngseok Kim1, Andrew Eddins2, Sajant Anand3
1IBM Quantum, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA. youngseok.kim1@ibm.com.
Nature
|June 14, 2023
まとめ
この研究は 騒々しい量子コンピュータが クラシック的な限界を超えた値を 正確に測定できることを示しています これは 量子コンピューティングの実用性を 証明しています
科学分野:
- 量子コンピューティング
- 超伝導プロセッサ
- 騒音の特徴
背景:
- 量子コンピューティングは大きなスピードアップをもたらしますが 騒音によって妨げられます
- 欠陥耐性量子回路は理想的な解決策ですが まだ実現可能ではありません
- 現在の量子プロセッサは 騒々しく 欠陥を許容する前の時代に 動作しています
研究 の 目的:
- 騒々しい量子プロセッサーの有用性を 証明するために
- 古典的な計算を上回るスケールで正確な期待値を測定する.
- 短期的な量子応用のための証拠を提供するために.
主な方法:
- 127-キビット超伝導プロセッサの実験
- 騒音の特徴と操作
- 正確に検証可能な回路と古典的なテンサーネットワーク方法 (MPS,isoTNS) との比較.
主要な成果:
- 正確な期待値は,古典的なブルートフォース計算を超えた回路容量で測定されました.
- 量子コンピュータの結果は クラシカルな方法が失敗した 強く絡み合ったシステムでも 正しかったのです
- 量子コンピューティングの有用性を証明した
結論:
- 協調性,校正,そしてノイズ制御の進歩により 大規模な量子実験が可能になりました
- 騒々しい量子プロセッサは 古典的な近似を上回る 価値ある結果をもたらします
- この研究は,短期間の量子応用のための基本的ツールとなる.
関連する概念動画
Multimachine Stability
198
Multimachine stability analysis is crucial for understanding the dynamics and stability of power systems with multiple synchronous machines. The objective is to solve the swing equations for a network of M machines connected to an N-bus power system.
In analyzing the system, the nodal equations represent the relationship between bus voltages, machine voltages, and machine currents. The nodal equation is given by:
In analyzing the system, the nodal equations represent the relationship between bus voltages, machine voltages, and machine currents. The nodal equation is given by:
198
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error
740
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
740
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom
42.6K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
42.6K
Ampere-Maxwell's Law: Problem-Solving
679
A parallel-plate capacitor with capacitance C, whose plates have area A and separation distance d, is connected to a resistor R and a battery of voltage V. The current starts to flow at t = 0. What is the displacement current between the capacitor plates at time t? From the properties of the capacitor, what is the corresponding real current?
To solve the problem, we can use the equations from the analysis of an RC circuit and Maxwell's version of Ampère's law.
For the first part of...
To solve the problem, we can use the equations from the analysis of an RC circuit and Maxwell's version of Ampère's law.
For the first part of...
679
Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error
565
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
565
Distributed Loads: Problem Solving
680
Beams are structural elements commonly employed in engineering applications requiring different load-carrying capacities. The first step in analyzing a beam under a distributed load is to simplify the problem by dividing the load into smaller regions, which allows one to consider each region separately and calculate the magnitude of the equivalent resultant load acting on each portion of the beam. The magnitude of the equivalent resultant load for each region can be determined by calculating...
680


