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TRAPPIST-1 c と いう 岩石 の 惑星 に は,濃厚 な 二酸化炭素 の 大気 が ない
Sebastian Zieba1,2, Laura Kreidberg3, Elsa Ducrot4
1Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany. zieba@mpia.de.
Nature
|June 19, 2023
まとめ
ジェームズ・ウェブ宇宙望遠鏡 (JWST) が発見した TRAPPIST-1cは,厚い二酸化炭素の大気ではなく,裸の岩の表面を持っている可能性が高い. これはTRAPPIST-1系にある惑星が 限られた水で形成された可能性を示唆しています
科学分野:
- 外惑星科学
- 大気の特徴
- 天体生物学
背景:
- TRAPPIST-1系には 7つの岩石系系外惑星があり 大気の研究の主要な目標です
- ジェームズ・ウェブ宇宙望遠鏡 (JWST) は,小惑星の二酸化炭素 (CO2) のような大気成分を検出することができます.
- 前回のJWST観測では TRAPPIST-1bは 大気のない裸の岩である可能性が示唆されていました
研究 の 目的:
- JWSTを使って外惑星TRAPPIST-1cの昼側からの熱放射を検出する.
- TRAPPIST-1cの大気成分と性質を制限する
- TRAPPIST-1cの形成経緯と揮発性成分を推測する
主な方法:
- 波長15μmのJWST上の中赤外線装置 (MIRI) を使用してTRAPPIST-1cの観測.
- 惑星対恒星の流量比 (fp/f) の測定
- 昼間の明るさの温度を計算し,大気モデルと比較する.
主要な成果:
- TRAPPIST-1cの昼側から発する熱が検出され,明るさの温度が380K±31Kとなる.
- 濃厚で二酸化炭素に富んだ大気は,測定された温度によって不利です.
- 雲のないO2 / CO2混合物と硫酸雲を持つ金星のような大気は排除されます.
- 裸の岩の表面や薄い大気は データと一致します
結論:
- TRAPPIST-1cは薄い大気か裸の岩の表面を持ち,CO2が多く含まれていない.
- この惑星の形成の歴史は,地球の海洋水の0.01%未満を示唆しています.
- システム全体に当てはまる場合,これは潜在的に居住可能なTRAPPIST-1惑星のための限られた揮発性貯水池を意味します.
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