成人の不安障害のスクリーニング:米国の予防サービスタスクフォースの勧告声明
, Michael J Barry1, Wanda K Nicholson2
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA
|June 20, 2023
まとめ
妊婦および産後患者を含む成人の不安障害のスクリーニングは,適度な効果があるため推奨されます. 高齢者に対する証拠は不十分で,さらなる研究が必要である.
科学分野:
- 予防医学
- 精神衛生スクリーニング
- 公衆衛生に関する取り組み
背景:
- 焦慮障害は一般的ですが,主療養では見逃されることが多く,治療の遅延につながります.
- 早期発見と介入は 焦慮障害を効果的に管理するために不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 無症状の成人の不安障害のスクリーニングの利害を評価する.
- 不安障害のスクリーニングに関する臨床ガイドラインを参考にすること.
主な方法:
- 米国予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) が組織的な調査を依頼した.
- このレビューは,妊娠中および産後を含む,症状のない19歳以上の成人を対象とした.
主要な成果:
- 成人の不安障害のスクリーニングは,中程度の純利益を示しています.
- 高齢者 (65歳以上) のスクリーニングの利益と害を判断するには,証拠は不十分です.
結論:
- USPSTFは,妊娠中および産後の人を含む成人の不安障害のスクリーニングを推奨しています (B勧告).
- 高齢者の不安障害のスクリーニングを評価するには,現在の証拠は不十分です (I声明).
関連する概念動画
01:30Preventive Healthcare Services
1.1K
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
1.1K
01:18Anxiety: Overview
311
Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
311
01:30Generalized Anxiety Disorder
168
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
168
01:26Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview
371
Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic...
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic...
371
01:28Social Anxiety Disorder
64
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
64
01:27Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
99
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
99