大人のうつ病と自殺リスクのスクリーニング:米国予防サービスタスクフォースの勧告声明
, Michael J Barry1, Wanda K Nicholson2
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA
|June 20, 2023
まとめ
妊娠中および産後の人を含む成人の重度のうつ病 (MDD) のスクリーニングは,中程度の利益をもたらす. 成人の自殺リスクスクリーニングの利益と害を評価するには,証拠は不十分です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生と予防医学
- メンタルヘルスサービス研究
- 臨床予防サービス
背景:
- メジャーうつ病 (MDD) は,個人の機能と健康に重大な影響を及ぼす米国の一般的な精神的健康状態です.
- 治療されていないMDDは,心血管疾患のリスク,併発症の悪化,死亡率の増加を含む有害な健康現象と関連しています.
- MDDのような精神疾患の 特定と管理には プライマリケアが不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 無症状の成人のMDDと自殺リスクのスクリーニングの利益と害を体系的に検討する.
- MDDと自殺リスクのスクリーニングツールの正確性を評価する.
- MDDの治療とプライマリケアにおける自殺リスクの利益と害を評価する.
主な方法:
- 米国予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) が組織的な調査を依頼した.
- このレビューは,妊娠/産後および高齢者 (65歳以上) を含む,症状のない19歳以上の成人を対象とした.
- MDDと自殺リスクスクリーニングの両方のスクリーニングの正確性,利益,害に関する証拠が評価されました.
主要な成果:
- 成人のMDDのスクリーニングは,中程度の確実性で中程度の純利益を示しています.
- この勧告は,妊婦や産後患者,高齢者を含む一般の成人に適用されます.
- 成人の自殺リスクのスクリーニングの利益と害を判断するには,証拠は不十分です.
結論:
- USPSTFは,妊婦/産後患者および高齢者を含むすべての成人のうつ病のスクリーニングを推奨しています.
- "B"の推薦は,このスクリーニングの適度な利益を示します.
- "I"は,成人の自殺リスクスクリーニングを推奨する十分な証拠がないことを示します.
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