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関連する概念動画

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

50.7K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
50.7K
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

4.5K
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
4.5K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.0K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.0K
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

12.7K
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
12.7K
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

22.6K
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
22.6K
Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

7.1K
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
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Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

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同型再結合におけるBCDX2複合体の機能に関する構造的洞察

Yashpal Rawal1, Lijia Jia1, Aviv Meir2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Nature
|June 21, 2023
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

RAD51B/C/D-XRCC2複合体 (BCDX2) は,RAD51の組み立てを促進することによってDNA修復を媒介する. 構造と機能の研究は,BCDX2がDNAと結合し,がんに関連したRAD51C変異が,この重要なゲノム安定性を破壊する方法を明らかにしています.

さらに関連する動画

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
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Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

Published on: February 13, 2019

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Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 11, 2022

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

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Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
06:24

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

Published on: February 13, 2019

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Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
07:55

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 11, 2022

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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • 構造生物学

背景:

  • ホモログ的再結合 (HR) は,DNAの二重鎖の断裂や複製フォークの修復に不可欠です.
  • RAD51B,RAD51C,RAD51D,およびXRCC2 (BCDX2) コンプレックスはHRにおける重要な媒介体である.
  • HRにおけるBCDX2の正確なメカニズムは完全に理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • BCDX2複合体のアポと単鎖DNA (ssDNA) 結合状態の構造的メカニズムを解明する.
  • BCDX2がRAD51-ssDNA核タンパク質のフィラメント組成をどのように促進するのかを理解する.
  • 癌に関連したRAD51C変異がBCDX2機能に与える影響を説明する.

主な方法:

  • 低温電子顕微鏡 (cryo-EM) で,BCDX2の構造を決定する.
  • シングル分子DNAカーテン分析で,BCDX2のフィラメント組立における役割を研究する.
  • DNA結合とHRメディエーターの活性を評価する機能検査

主要な成果:

  • Cryo-EM構造は BCDX2の構造と ssDNA結合インターフェースを明らかにします
  • RAD51B,RAD51C,およびRAD51Dの特定のアミノ末端ドメインは,複合体の安定性およびDNA結合に不可欠である.
  • BCDX2はRAD51-ssDNA核タンパク質のフィラメント形成を促進する.
  • 癌に関連したRAD51C変異はBCDX2のDNA結合とHR媒介機能を損なう.

結論:

  • この研究は,BCDX2の構造と機能に関する原子レベルの洞察を提供します.
  • BCDX2のメカニズムと突然変異の影響を理解することは,がんの研究の基盤を提供します.
  • BCDX2の病原性変異は,ゲノムの完全性を維持する上でその重要性を強調しています.