ハザ族の狩猟採集者の 超深層解析により 消える腸内微生物が 発見されました
Matthew M Carter1, Matthew R Olm1, Bryan D Merrill1
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
Cell
|June 22, 2023
まとめ
ハザ族の狩猟採集者の腸内微生物群は 産業化した集団と大きく異なっており 独特の種と微生物の機能を明らかにしています この研究はヒトの腸内微生物と ライフスタイルの影響に関する理解を広げています
科学分野:
- 微生物群の研究
- 人間ゲノム学
- 人類学
背景:
- 人間の微生物群のデータは 工業化した集団に大きく偏っています
- これは工業化されていない地域における 微生物の多様性の理解を 制限しています
- 腸内微生物群は 免疫と代謝の健康に 重要な役割を果たします
研究 の 目的:
- ハザ族の狩猟採集者の腸内微生物を特徴づけるため
- ハザ族の微生物群と ネパールやカリフォルニアの微生物群を 比較するためです
- 産業化されていない生活様式に特有の微生物の種と機能を特定する.
主な方法:
- 351個の糞便サンプルを 超深層メタゲノム解析した
- バクテリア,アルカイア,バクテリオファージ,ユカリオットのゲノム回復
- 微生物の集団を比較分析する
主要な成果:
- 9万1,662個のゲノムが回収され,その44%が既存のデータセットに新しいものであった.
- 124種の腸内生物が 産業化した集団で絶滅していることが確認された.
- ハッザの腸内微生物は 異なる複製率や 選択特性を示し 株を共有していました
- 工業化された微生物は 酸化ストレス遺伝子を多く含んでおり 炎症への適応を示唆しています
結論:
- ハッザの腸内微生物群は 人間の微生物多様性への ユニークな窓を開きます
- 産業化された生活様式は 腸内微生物群に重大な混乱をもたらします
- この研究は腸のコロニー化と健康を理解する上で 価値ある情報源となります
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