空間の銀河は ゆっくりと星を集めています
Jesús Domínguez-Gómez1, Isabel Pérez2,3, Tomás Ruiz-Lara2,4
1Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. jesusdg@ugr.es.
Nature
|June 28, 2023
まとめ
宇宙空間の銀河は,より密度の高い環境にある銀河と比較して,より遅い恒星形成の歴史 (SFH) を表しています. 2つの主要なSFHタイプが存在し,空洞銀河はすべてのタイプでより遅い進化を示しています.
科学分野:
- 宇宙学
- 銀河の進化
- 天体物理学
背景:
- 銀河は密度が異なる 銀河団や線状の銀河団 銀河の壁や空間に存在します
- 空洞銀河はより青く 質量が少なく 恒星形成率が高く知られている.
- 以前の研究では,空の銀河の性質の違いが示されましたが,異なる恒星形成の歴史 (SFH) の観測証拠は欠けていました.
研究 の 目的:
- 銀河の恒星形成の歴史における観測的差異を調査し確認する.
- 異なる大規模構造に存在する恒星形成の歴史の種類を特徴づける.
主な方法:
- 異なる大規模な宇宙環境における銀河の性質の分析.
- 空洞銀河とクラスター,フィラメント,壁の間の恒星形成史 (SFH) の比較.
主要な成果:
- 空洞銀河は,より密度の高い領域の銀河と比較して,平均的に,より遅い恒星形成の歴史 (SFH) を示しています.
- "短時間スケール"と"長時間スケール"の2つの主要なSFHタイプが特定されました.
- SFHの2つのタイプは,繊維,壁,クラスターよりも空間にゆっくりと進化した.
結論:
- 大規模な環境,特に宇宙空白は,星形成の歴史を遅らせて,銀河の進化に大きく影響します.
- 銀河の進化は環境と恒星の質量によって影響を受け,異なるSFH軌道を導きます.
- 空の銀河は,より密度の高い宇宙構造の銀河と比較して,明らかに異なる進化の経路を持つユニークな集団を表しています.
関連する概念動画
01:14Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses
944
The gravitational potential energy between two spherically symmetric bodies can be calculated from the masses and the distance between the bodies, assuming that the center of mass is concentrated at the respective centers of the bodies.
944
01:10Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion
4.1K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. He formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
4.1K
01:21Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon
2.1K
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
2.1K
01:10Detection of Black Holes
2.2K
Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
2.2K
01:27Gravity between Spherical Bodies
8.5K
Newton's law of gravitation describes the gravitational force between any two point masses. However, for extended spherical objects like the Earth, the Moon, and other planets, the law holds with an assumption that masses of spherical objects are concentrated at their respective centers.
This assumption can be proved easily by showing that the expression for gravitational potential energy between a hollow sphere of mass (M) and a point mass (m) is the same as it would be for a pair of extended...
This assumption can be proved easily by showing that the expression for gravitational potential energy between a hollow sphere of mass (M) and a point mass (m) is the same as it would be for a pair of extended...
8.5K
01:13Rocket Propulsion in Empty Space - I
3.2K
The driving force for the motion of any vehicle is friction, but in the case of rocket propulsion in space, the friction force is not present. The motion of a rocket changes its velocity (and hence its momentum) by ejecting burned fuel gases, thus causing it to accelerate in the direction opposite to the velocity of the ejected fuel. In this situation, the mass and velocity of the rocket constantly change along with the total mass of ejected gases. Due to conservation of momentum, the...
3.2K