アメリカ合衆国における人種・民族グループによる州レベルの妊産婦死亡率の傾向
Laura G Fleszar1, Allison S Bryant2, Catherine O Johnson1
1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.
JAMA
|July 3, 2023
まとめ
妊産婦死亡率 (MMR) は1999年から2019年にかけて米国のすべての人種および民族グループで増加しました. アメリカン・インディアン/アラスカのネイティブと黒人の集団は,最も大きな増加と最高MMRを経験し,持続的で悪化する格差を強調しました.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学
- 健康 の 格差
背景:
- アメリカでは 妊産婦の死亡率は 人種や民族の違いが大きいため 懸念が高まっています
- 人種と民族による妊産婦死亡率 (MMR) の包括的な長期的な州レベルでの推定は欠けている.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国全州における妊産婦死亡率 (MMR) の長期的傾向を定量化する.
- 5つの相互排他的な人種や民族グループによって層分かれています.
主な方法:
- 一般化された線形モデルネットワークのベイジアン拡張を使用した.
- 1999年から2019年の10歳から54歳までの重要な登録と国勢調査データを分析した.
- 産婦人死亡率 (MMR) を主な結果として評価した.
主要な成果:
- 1999年から2019年の間に,すべての人種および民族の州平均のMMRが著しく増加しました.
- 2019年,アメリカン・インディアン/アラスカ・ネイティブと黒人の集団は,毎年最も高いMMRを一貫して黒人の集団で示した.
- アメリカン・インディアン/アラスカ・ネイティブの集団は,研究期間中に州平均のMMRで最大の増加を経験した.
結論:
- 妊産婦の死亡率は依然として高く,特にアメリカインディアン/アラスカ先住民と黒人の間で格差が悪化しています.
- 既存の予防努力は,これらの持続的な健康危機に対処する上で限られた影響を及ぼしているようです.
- 死亡率の総合的な監視は リスクの高い状態や集団を特定して 母親の健康状態を改善するために不可欠です
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
01:52Regression Toward the Mean
6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
90.3K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.3K
01:25Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
425
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
425
01:30Current Trends in Nursing II
1.2K
Trends in nursing are multifactorial and associated with changes in society, within the nursing profession, and in other professions. Notably, telehealth and remote nursing contribute to successful healthcare delivery for numerous patients and help reduce stress for nurses due to nursing shortages. Nurses can reach patients, monitor their conditions, and interact with them using computers, audio, visual accessories, and telephones—for example, remote patient monitoring systems. Likewise,...
1.2K
01:20Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups
227
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
227
01:22Applications of Life Tables
93
Life tables are versatile across various fields, providing a quantitative basis for analyzing mortality and survival rates. Whether used by demographers, actuaries, epidemiologists, or sociologists, life tables offer valuable insights into the dynamics of life and death, facilitating informed decisions in public health, insurance, conservation, and beyond. Their broad applicability highlights the interconnectedness of demographic data with practical outcomes in everyday life and strategic...
93