オフセットの社会的価値
Ben Groom1,2, Frank Venmans3
1LEEP Institute, Department of Economics, University of Exeter Business School, Exeter, UK. b.d.groom@exeter.ac.uk.
Nature
|July 5, 2023
まとめ
カーボンオフセットの値の決定は複雑です この研究では,一時的な炭素貯蔵を定量化するために,オフセットの社会価値 (SVO) を導入し,政策決定のための恒久的な貯蔵と明確な同等性を提供します.
科学分野:
- 気候科学
- 環境経済学
- カーボン会計
背景:
- カーボンオフセットの評価の現在の方法は,特に一時的な貯蔵と関連するリスクに関して不十分です.
- CO2排出を補うために必要な炭素の正確な量を定量化するには不確実性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- カーボンの社会的コストの分数として,オフセットの社会価値 (SVO) を定義し計算する.
- 恒久的な炭素貯蔵と一時的な炭素補償の同等性を評価するための枠組みを確立する.
- 効率的なネット・ゼロ政策と 炭素市場を比較する
主な方法:
- オフセット期間,非追加性,および故障リスクに基づいてSVOを定義するモデルを開発しました.
- 炭素の社会的コストに対するSVOの比率を計算し,同等性因子を決定した.
- 様々なリスク,永続性,気候シナリオにおける同等性因子のマトリックスを生成した.
主要な成果:
- 50年間貯蔵された"トンの炭素は 永久に貯蔵された0.33~0.5トンの炭素に相当します
- SVOは,オフセットの効率を評価するための政策に関連するメトリックを提供します.
- 様々なシナリオで等価因子のマトリックスが生成された.
結論:
- SVOフレームワークは,一時的なカーボンオフセットの評価のための堅固な方法を提供します.
- このアプローチは,オフセット契約を簡素化し,より短く,監視可能な期限へと移行することができます.
- この発見は,炭素生命周期分析と炭素負債の評価の改善を支持する.
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