世界の木材の収穫による炭素コスト

Liqing Peng¹, Timothy D Searchinger^2,3, Jessica Zionts⁴

¹World Resources Institute, Washington, DC, USA. liqing.peng@wri.org.

Nature

|July 5, 2023

まとめ

森林の炭素貯蔵量を大幅に削減し,新しいモデルでは年間3.5~4.2GtのCO2eを推定しています. これらのコストを削減することは気候変動の緩和策として評価されがちです

科学分野:

環境科学
林業
気候科学

背景:

木材の収穫は植生と土壌の炭素貯蔵を減らす主要な人間の活動です.
木材の利用による現在の炭素の計算は関連のない森林の成長による損失を相殺することで排出量を過小評価しています
不正確な計算方法によって木材の採伐が気候に与える本当の影響が隠されているのです

研究の目的:

世界の木材の収穫による現在と将来の炭素コストを推定するための新しいモデルを開発する.
時間の割引を用いて,異なる将来のシナリオの下で炭素コストを分析する.
木材の収穫による影響の削減による気候変動緩和の可能性を強調する.

主な方法:

炭素コストの推定のための時間割引を組み込む新しいモデルの開発.
2010年から2050年までの世界の森林伐採データ分析
年間炭素コストのシナリオベースの予測

主要な成果:

2010年から2050年までの森林伐採による年間炭素コストは,年間3.5~4.2Gtの範囲にある.
これらのコストは,農業用地の変更による年間排出量と同等です.
この研究は,木材の伐採が気候に及ぼす影響が大きくても過小評価されていることを明らかにしています

結論:

森林の伐採は継続的な炭素コストを伴うがしばしば誤って計算される
森林伐採の影響を減らすことは気候変動の緩和に向けた重要で過小評価されている機会です
森林伐採の影響を理解するには時間の割引を含む正確な炭素会計が不可欠です

さらに関連する動画

09:46

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Published on: May 19, 2019

8.2K

03:42

Author Spotlight: Advancing Place-Based Biochar Production for Ecosystem Restoration and Soil Health

Published on: April 5, 2024

963

関連する概念動画

01:14

The Carbon Cycle

38.6K

Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.

38.6K

01:19

Introduction to Wood

272

Wood, derived from trees, is a versatile and widely used construction material. Trees feature a trunk surrounded by a protective layer of dead bark. Beneath this outer layer lies the living bark, followed by the cambium, and then the sapwood which transitions into heartwood as it matures. At the center of the trunk is the pith. The age of a tree can be discerned by examining its growth rings, which are concentric bands visible in the trunk's cross-section.
The structural integrity of the...

272

01:28

Softwoods and Hardwoods

195

Softwoods and hardwoods, derived from different types of trees, are distinguished by their leaf structures and cellular compositions, each serving unique purposes in construction and manufacturing. Softwoods come from cone-bearing trees with needle-like leaves and are predominantly composed of longitudinal cells called tracheids and a smaller proportion of radial cells known as rays. Due to their cellular structure, softwoods are commonly used in construction for structural frames, sheathing,...

195

01:50

Global Climate Change

24.5K

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.

24.5K

01:21

Wood Products

109

Wood products encompass a broad range of materials crafted from wood strands, veneers, lumber, and even waste wood-like shreds, designed for both structural and nonstructural purposes. Various specialized wood products have been developed to enhance strength, durability, and versatility in building applications.
Glue-laminated wood, often referred to as glulam, combines multiple smaller pieces of dimensional lumber using adhesives to form a single, larger piece. Cross-laminated timber consists...

109

01:50

Threats to Biodiversity

22.4K

There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...