古代環境は,ウォレス線を越えた地上の脊椎動物の交換を形作った
A Skeels1,2,3, L M Boschman4, I R McFadden1,2,5
1Department of Environmental Systems Science, Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
まとめ
ワレスの線を越えた動物交換は 種が異なる気候と分散を許容する能力によって形成された. 東南アジアの種は 湿気のある地域で繁栄し オーストラリアの種は 乾燥した気候で苦労し 独特の動物を 生み出しました
科学分野:
- バイオジオグラフィ
- 進化生物学
- 古代気候学
背景:
- ウォレスの線はインド・オーストラリアの重要な生物地理的境界線を示し,生物の交換に関する長年の議論を引き起こしている.
- 生物の転移を理解するには 進化の歴史と地気候の変化を統合する必要があります
研究 の 目的:
- ワレスの線を横断する 脊椎動物を駆動する 重要な要因を調査する
- インド・オーストラリア地域における生物交代における地質気候と生物多様性の影響をモデル化すること.
主な方法:
- 2万種以上の脊椎動物を分析した
- 地気候と生物多様化モデルの開発
- 深い時間帯の降水グラデントでの降水耐久性と分散能力の試験.
主要な成果:
- 広範囲の降水耐久性と分散能力は,ウォレスライン地域における動物交流に不可欠でした.
- 湿気のある気候に適応したスンダニアの系統は,ワラセア経由でサフリア (オーストラリア) 地域を成功裏に植民地化しました.
- 乾燥した条件に適応したサフリアン系は,サンダに定着する際の課題に直面し,野生動物の特徴に寄与した.
結論:
- 過去の環境条件への適応の歴史は,非対称な植民地化パターンを大きく形作る.
- 地気候の歴史と進化的適応は,地球生物学的構造の主要な原動力である.
- 降水耐久性と分散能力は,ウォレス線に沿った独特の動物組成を説明します.
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