禁煙のためのシチシニクリン:ランダム化臨床試験
Nancy A Rigotti1, Neal L Benowitz2, Judith Prochaska3
1Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine and Mongan Institute, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston.
JAMA
|July 11, 2023
まとめ
シチシニクリンは,プラセボと比較して6週間または12週間の禁煙率を有意に改善しました. この植物性アルカロイドは 優れた耐受性を示し ニコチン依存症の治療に 新しい選択肢を提供しました
科学分野:
- 薬理学 と 依存症 の 医学
- 臨床試験と治療法
背景:
- 植物由来のアルカロイドであるサイトシニシン (サイトシン) は,ニコチン依存症に関与するα4β2ニコチンアセチルコリン受容体を選択的に標的にします.
- ヨーロッパでは禁煙に用いられているが,最適な投与量と持続時間は確立されていない.
- 現在アメリカFDAが承認している ニコチン依存症の治療法は 効能と副作用のプロファイルが異なります
研究 の 目的:
- 薬理学的に新しい投与スケジュール (6週または12週) を用いて,禁煙のためのプラセボと比較して,シチシニクリンの有効性と耐性を評価する.
- 大人が毎日タバコを禁煙するのに役立つシチシニクリンの有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 3グループ,ダブルブラインド,プラセボ対照,ランダム化試験 (ORCA-2) で,禁煙しようとする成人の喫煙者810人が参加した.
- 参加者は12週間のサイトシニクリン (3 mg TID),6週間のサイトシニクリンに続いて6週間のプラセボ (3 mg TID),または12週間のプラセボを受けた.
- すべてのグループは,治療後24週間のフォローアップで行動支援を受けました.
主要な成果:
- 6週間と12週間のシチシニクリンの治療では,プラセボと比較して,生化学的に確認された継続的な禁煙率が著しく高かった.
- 6週間のコースでは,禁欲率は25.3%対4.4% (3週~6週),8.9%対2. 6% (3週~24週) であった.
- 12週間のコースでは,禁欲率は32. 6%対7. 0% (9週~12週),21. 1%対4. 8% (9週~24週) であった.
- 吐き気,異常な夢,不眠症などの有害事象はまれ (< 10%),重篤な薬物関連有害事象は報告されなかった.
結論:
- 6週間と12週間のシチシニクリンの治療スケジュールは,行動支援と組み合わせて,喫煙停止に有効であり,よく耐えます.
- シチシニクリンはニコチン依存症の治療に 期待できる新しい治療法です
- 治療期間とシチシニクリンの治療の選択を最適化するために,さらなる研究を行うことが可能である.
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