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Updated: Jul 23, 2025
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Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
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野生の土地と都市のインターフェース
Franz Schug1, Avi Bar-Massada2, Amanda R Carlson3
1SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. fschug@wisc.edu.
Nature
|July 19, 2023
まとめ
建物と植物の接点である 野生の土地と都市の接点 (WUI) は 世界的な現象です この研究は WUIをマッピングし 影響が数十億人に及ぶことを明らかにし 将来の森林火災の危険性を理解する必要があります
科学分野:
- 環境科学,地理,リモートセンシング,都市計画
背景:
- 荒野と都市との接点 (WUI) は人間と環境の相互作用の重要な領域であり,森林火災,生息地の喪失,病気の蔓延などのリスクをもたらします.
- WUIに関する以前の世界的な分析は不足しており,その範囲と影響の包括的な理解を妨げていた.
研究 の 目的:
- 2020年のWUIの高解像度グローバルマップを作成する.
- 世界的なWUIホットスポットを特定し,人口密度,地表,およびこれらの地域内のバイオマス変動を分析する.
- 森林火災の近くで暮らす住民の割合を評価する.
主な方法:
- リモートセンシングによるデータセットを用いた,世界的に一貫した検証されたアプローチの開発.
- 建物の面積と野生の植生をマッピングするために10m解像度データを使用しました.
- 人口分布と野火の近接度に関する分析 (2003-2020年)
主要な成果:
- WUIは世界の現象で,土地の4.7%を占め,35億人 (世界人口のほぼ半分) が住んでいます.
- 人口密度,地表,バイオマスレベルが異なっていた WUI ホットスポットが数多く特定されました.
- ヨーロッパ (15%の土地面積) と温帯帯広葉/混合森林 (18%) は,WUIが広範囲に広がっていることを示しています. 森林火災の近くに住む人の3分の2は WUIに住んでいます アフリカでは1億5千万人です
結論:
- WUIは地球規模で広く存在し 人口の大部分が危険にさらされています
- 気候変動による野火の増加は,WUI内の住居の成長と植生パターンを理解することを必要としています.
- このグローバルWUIマップは,将来の研究,政策,リスク管理戦略のための重要なベースラインを提供します.
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