生物学的多様性と機能的な多様性のグローバルホットスポット
Liam J Hughes1, Mike R Massam1, Oscar Morton1
1Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Nature
|July 26, 2023
まとめ
世界的な野生生物貿易のホットスポットは 主に熱帯です この取引は 独特の進化の系統と 生態学的機能を脅かし 標的を絞った 保護の努力を必要とします
科学分野:
- 保護生物学
- エコロジー
- 生物多様性に関する研究
背景:
- 野生生物取引は 世界的に重要な産業で 多くの種に 影響を及ぼしています
- 生物学的多様性 (PD) と機能的多様性 (FD) に対する貿易の影響を理解することは,保全にとって極めて重要です.
- PDとFDは進化の歴史,生態学的機能,生態系サービスを維持する鍵です.
研究 の 目的:
- 生物学的多様性や機能的な多様性に関するグローバルホットスポットを特定する.
- 最も頻繁に取引される種の特徴を分析する.
- 野生生物の取引による生物多様性の損失を軽減するための 標的型保全戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- 鳥類と哺乳類の取引に関する世界的なデータセットを利用した.
- 取引されている種の遺伝子多様性 (PD) と機能多様性 (FD) の評価
- 多様性のホットスポットを特定するために計算された標準化された効果サイズ (ses).
主要な成果:
- 熱帯地域では,取引されるPDとFDのレベルが最も高い.
- 貿易中のPDとFDの重要なホットスポットは,熱帯地域で特定され,米国東部で哺乳類のSES.PDとヨーロッパでSES.FDが追加されました.
- 大きな体を持つ果実を食べる鳥や大型哺乳類は 過剰に取引されています
結論:
- 野生生物の取引は 独特の進化の系統と 機能的な特徴の 相当な損失をもたらします 特に熱帯地域では
- これらの損失は,生態系とコミュニティの整体性に影響を及ぼします.
- 特定されたホットスポットでは,持続不可能な搾取を防止し,生物多様性を保全するために,有意な保全努力が不可欠です.
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