言語の発達から言語の進化へ:人間の語彙的創造性に関する統一された見解

Thomas Brochhagen¹, Gemma Boleda^1,2, Eleonora Gualdoni¹

¹Department of Translation and Language Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 27, 2023

まとめ

子どもの言語発達や歴史的な言葉の進化で見られる人間の語彙的創造性は共有された意味論的基盤から生じるかもしれません 1400の言語で両方のプロセスを説明します.

科学分野:

認知科学
言語学
コンピュータ言語学

背景:

人間の言語は創造的な表現のために単語の意味の拡張を独特に用いるのです
単語の創造性は個人の発達から言語の進化まで異なる時間尺度で現れます

研究の目的:

単語の創造性の様々な表れが共通の基盤を共有しているかどうかを調査する.
計算モデルが発達と進化のセマンティックデータ間の共通点を捉えることができるかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

セマンティックな知識を分析するためにコンピューティング・モデリングを活用した.
子供の言語発達データと歴史的な言葉の意味の進化データにモデルを適用した.
進化論的な洞察を得るために 1400以上の言語を網羅したデータを調べました

主要な成果:

セマンティックな知識の種類は発展的データと進化的データの両方を効果的に特徴づけています
進化データで訓練されたモデルは発達パターンを正確に予測し逆もそうです
発達と進化のセマンティックモデル間の強いクロス予測能力を示した.

結論:

人間の語彙創造の統一された基盤を示唆しています
個人の言語習得と長期的言語変化の両方に基づく共通の意味論的原則を強調しています.
オントゲニーとフィロゲニーにわたる意味の拡張を推進する共有メカニズムの証拠を提供します.

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