砂糖と人工甘味料の飲料と肝臓がんと慢性肝臓疾患の死亡リスク
Longgang Zhao1,2, Xinyuan Zhang2, Mace Coday3
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia.
JAMA
|August 8, 2023
まとめ
糖分を添加した飲料の毎日摂取は,閉経後の女性の肝臓がんリスクと慢性肝臓疾患の死亡率の増加と関連しています. 人工甘味飲料は,これらの結果と有意な関連性を示さなかった.
科学分野:
- 流行病学
- 公衆衛生
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- アメリカの成人の約65%が毎日砂糖を添加した飲料 (SSB) を消費しています.
- SSBと人工甘味飲料 (ASB) の健康への影響を理解することは,公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です.
- 肝がんや慢性肝疾患は 深刻な健康問題です
研究 の 目的:
- SSBとASBの摂取と肝がんの発生率との関連を調査する.
- 慢性肝疾患によるSSBとASBの摂取と死亡率との関係を調べる.
主な方法:
- 女性健康イニシアチブの98,786人の閉経後の女性 (50歳から79歳) を対象とした前向きなコホート研究.
- 食事の頻度に関するアンケートで基準値と3年間の追跡調査で評価された飲料摂取量
- 肝臓がんの発生率と慢性肝臓疾患の死亡率の危険比率を推定するために使用されたコックス比例リスク回帰モデル.
主要な成果:
- 1日1個以上のSSBを摂取すると,毎月3個以上のSSBを摂取すると比べて,肝がん (HR,1. 85) と慢性肝疾患の死亡率 (HR,1. 68) が著しく高かった.
- ASBの摂取と肝がんの発生率や慢性肝疾患の死亡率との間に有意な関連性は見つかりませんでした.
- この研究では98,786人の女性を平均20. 9年間追跡し,207人の肝がん患者と,慢性肝疾患による148人の死亡を観察した.
結論:
- 糖分を添加した飲料の毎日の摂取は,閉経後の女性の肝がんと慢性肝疾患の死亡率の増加と関連しています.
- これらの発見を確認し,その背後にある生物学的メカニズムを明らかにするために,さらなる研究が必要である.
- 人工甘味飲料は,研究された肝臓のアウトカムと有意な関連性を示さなかった.
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