ポリエチレン,ポリプロピレン,および混合物を高価値表面活性剤に化学的にアップサイクリング
Zhen Xu1, Nuwayo Eric Munyaneza1, Qikun Zhang2
1Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
まとめ
この研究では,ポリエチレン (PE) やポリプロピレン (PP) などのプラスチック廃棄物を,温度変化による溶解と酸化により,有価な脂肪酸に変換します. このプロセスは経済的に有効で プラスチックを化学薬品や表面活性物質に再利用します
科学分野:
- 化学工学
- 材料科学
- 持続可能な化学
背景:
- プラスチック廃棄物,特にポリエチレン (PE) とポリプロピレン (PP) は大きな環境問題となっています.
- 脂肪酸は様々な産業用途を持つ高価値の化学物質です.
- 現在のプラスチック廃棄物の変換方法は,効率と経済的な実現可能性の限界に直面しています.
研究 の 目的:
- PEとPPのプラスチック廃棄物を脂肪酸に変換するための効率的な方法を開発する.
- プラスチック廃棄物のアップサイクリングに伴う化学変化を調査する.
- 開発されたプロセスの産業用途の経済的実行可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 制御可能な方法でPEとPPをワックスに分解する.
- マンガンステアレートを用いてワックスを酸化して脂肪酸を生成する.
- 脂肪酸を表面活性剤に後処理する.
- 産業規模での可動性に関する技術経済分析
主要な成果:
- PEとPPの脂肪酸への変換は約80%で,平均モラー質量はそれぞれ約700ドルトンと670ドルトンに達した.
- 都市部プラスチック廃棄物とその混合物に対する実証された適用性
- PPの分解により,PEよりも多くのオレフィンワックスと酸性脂肪酸が得られる.
- 脂肪酸を高価な表面活性物質に 変換した.
- 産業規模の技術的経済分析は,補助金なしで経済的に実現可能であることを示しました.
結論:
- 開発された温度変化による溶解と酸化プロセスは,PEとPPのプラスチック廃棄物を有価な脂肪酸と表面活性物質にアップサイクリングするための効果的な経路を提供します.
- このプロセスは堅牢で 混在した都市部プラスチック廃棄物に適用可能で 工業的な実装には経済的に実現可能である.
- このアプローチは,持続可能な廃棄物管理と化学物質の調達に貢献します.
関連する概念動画
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters
2.3K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
2.3K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes
7.9K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
7.9K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview
2.2K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
2.2K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)
1.9K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
1.9K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching
2.0K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
2.0K


