寒さによる食物探求を制御するタラムスのXiphoid核
Neeraj K Lal1, Phuong Le2, Samarth Aggarwal1
1Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nature
|August 16, 2023
まとめ
寒さでは哺乳類は 主に冷たい感覚ではなく エネルギー消費によって 食物探求を増加させます 脳の状核 (Xi) が この寒さによる食事の行動を制御します
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 動物 の 行動
- 代謝の調節
背景:
- 熱中動物は体温を維持するためにかなりのエネルギーを費やす.
- 哺乳類は冷たい環境で エネルギーコストを補うために 食物摂取量を増加させます
- 寒さに誘発された栄養の 神経的基礎は まだ十分に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類の寒さとエネルギー消費と食欲を結びつける神経メカニズムを解明する.
- 寒さに反応する 特定の脳の領域を特定する
主な方法:
- ネズミの行動と代謝分析
- 活性化された神経領域を特定するために全脳C-Fosマッピング.
- ニューラル活動を監視するイン・ビボカルシウムイメージング
- オプトジェネティックとケモジェネティックによる 神経回路の操作
- ニューラル・プロジェクションを マップする
主要な成果:
- マウスは エネルギー節約と 寒さの中で食べ物を探すという ダイナミックな切り替えをします
- タラムスの体 (Xi) 核は,高エネルギー消費で長期にわたる冷却によって選択的に活性化されます.
- Xiニューロンの活動は 寒さの中で食べ物を探すエピソードと相関しています
- Xiニューロンの刺激は冷たく誘発された食事を促進し,抑制はそれを抑制する.
- Xi-to-nucleus accumbens 投影はこれらの餌を媒介する.
結論:
- 状核 (Xi) は 寒さによる栄養を制御する重要な脳領域です
- Xiニューロンは文脈に依存する ヴァレンスのスイッチをコードし 寒さの中での食物探求を促します
- このメカニズムは,冷たい環境下での熱体動物におけるエネルギーホメオスタシスの維持に不可欠です.
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