マイクロスケール の 柔らかい イオン 源 が 神経 ネットワーク の 活動 を 調整 する
Yujia Zhang1, Jorin Riexinger2, Xingyun Yang2
1Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. yujia.zhang@chem.ox.ac.uk.
Nature
|August 30, 2023
まとめ
研究者らはバイオインテグレーテッドデバイス用の 水素ゲル滴を用いた小型化されたソフトパワーソースを開発しました この新しいイオン電流発電機は マイクロスケールの生物学的刺激のために 需要に応じてエネルギーを提供します
科学分野:
- バイオテクノロジー
- 材料科学
- 神経科学
背景:
- バイオ・インテグレーテッド・デバイスには 効率的なマイクロスケール・パワー・ソースが必要です
- 既存の電源ソリューションはしばしば生物互換性,柔軟性,またはイオン駆動性ではありません.
- 需要に応じてエネルギーを蓄え 放出する小型化されたエネルギー源は 作り出すのは困難です
研究 の 目的:
- マイクロスケールの生物学的刺激のための小型化,柔らかい,バイオコンパティブルな電源を開発する.
- 生物学的システムに触発された イオン電流を生成する エネルギー源を作り出す
- 細胞と組織活動を調節するためのオンデマンド操作を可能にします.
主な方法:
- ナノリットルのヒドロゲル滴の脂質サポートネットワークの製造.
- ハイドロゲルの内部にあるイオン・グラデーションを利用して エネルギーを生成する
- 電力密度,エネルギー貯蔵,および生物互換性の特徴
主要な成果:
- 以前の設計と比較して10^5倍以上の体積を削減した小型化されたソフト電源を開発した.
- 24時間以上のエネルギー貯蔵を実現し,オンデマンド操作が可能になりました.
- 電力密度が680倍に増加した. 1,300 W m^−) となっている.
結論:
- バイオコンパティブルなイオン電流源として機能する.
- 3D神経微細組織とex vivoマウス脳スライスでニューロンのネットワーク活動をうまく調節しました.
- この柔らかいマイクロスケールの イオノトロン装置は 生物に統合される可能性を秘めています
関連する概念動画
01:41Action Potentials
112.8K
Overview
112.8K
01:28Electrical Synapses
10.1K
Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
10.1K
01:19The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation
3.2K
A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential....
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential....
3.2K
01:22Muscle Stimulation Frequency
4.7K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
4.7K
01:23Propagation of Action Potentials
15.4K
The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
15.4K
01:21Nervous System
3.8K
The nervous system coordinates body functions through its complex network of nerve cells, enabling sensation and movement. It is divided into two primary parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain acts as the body's control center, processing sensory information and coordinating responses. The spinal cord functions as a major signaling pathway for the brain and the rest of the body.
3.8K