赤ちゃんの泣き声によって誘発される母親のオキシトシン放出のための神経回路

Silvana Valtcheva^1,2,3,4,5, Habon A Issa^6,7,8,9,10, Chloe J Bair-Marshall^6,7,8,9,10

¹Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. silvana.valtcheva@uk-koeln.de.

Nature

|September 21, 2023

まとめ

赤ちゃんの泣き声とオキシトシンの放出を結びつける神経経路が発見されましたこの聴覚回路はオキシトシンニューロンを活性化させ母親のケアや育児行動に不可欠です

科学分野:

神経科学
内分泌学
母親の生理学

背景:

オキシトシンは重要な神経ペプチドで産児や授乳などの母親の行動を制御します
赤ちゃんの泣き声は哺乳期以外でも母親のオキシトシンレベルを高めオキシトシンニューロンの聴覚的活性化を示唆します

研究の目的:

幼児の発声に対する聴覚反応を媒介する神経回路を解明する.
子孫からの感覚信号が母親の内分泌ネットワークと行動を調節する仕組みを理解するためです

主な方法:

覚醒しているマスの体内の電気生理学的記録と光度測定
オキシトシンニューロンの反応を評価するために,子犬の発声と純粋なトーンのプレゼンテーション.
後部内膜性タラマスの電気生理学的刺激

主要な成果:

オキシトシンニューロンは子犬の声に特異的な反応を示したが純粋な音ではない.
オキシトシンニューロンへの聴覚の入力源は後部内膜のタラムスから発生します
タラミック刺激はオキシトシンニューロンの持続的な無抑制につながった.

結論:

新しい神経回路が幼児の声の聴覚処理をオキシトシンニューロンと結びつけます
この回路は中央オキシトシンの放出と子孫の声の信号に対する母親の行動のゲートに不可欠です
この発見は,子体の感覚情報を母親の神経内分泌の調節に統合するメカニズムを提供し,効果的な育児を可能にします.

さらに関連する動画

10:42

A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation

Published on: August 18, 2014

9.0K

06:40

Analysis of Electrocardiograms and Behavior in Mice from Pregnancy to Lactation Period

Published on: April 5, 2024

496

関連する概念動画

01:31

Neurotransmitters

997

Neurotransmitters are essential chemical messengers within the nervous system, facilitating the communication between neurons. These chemical messengers, varying in function and effect, are critical for sustaining various aspects of neurological health and emotional well-being.

997

01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

8.6K

Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...

8.6K

01:25

Olfaction

44.4K

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

44.4K

01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

3.0K

The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...

3.0K

01:25

Neural Circuits

1.3K

Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...