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ヨーロッパのCO2の分布は,炭素の内部源を示しています

Samantha K Trumbo¹, Michael E Brown²

¹Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 21, 2023

まとめ

木星の衛星である欧州の二酸化炭素 (CO2) は地下海から発生している可能性が高い. ジェームズ・ウェブ宇宙望遠鏡の観測により表面化した地形に二酸化炭素が発見されユーロパの海洋化学の内部炭素源が示唆されました

科学分野:

惑星科学
天体生物学
オーシャンワールド

背景:

木星の衛星であるヨーロッパには広大な地表の海があり地球外生命の探求の主要な目標です
ヨーロッパの海洋の化学組成は未知のままです
二酸化炭素 (CO2) はヨーロッパの表面で検出されているが,その起源 (内部と外部) は不明である.

研究の目的:

エウロパの表面にある二酸化炭素 (CO2) の起源を決定する.
地表のCO2と地下海の化学反応の関連性を調査する
エウロパの二酸化炭素の空間分布をマッピングする

主な方法:

ジェームズ・ウェブ宇宙望遠鏡 (JWST) を使ってヨーロッパを観測した.
JWSTデータを用いて二酸化炭素 (CO2) の表面分布をマッピングした.
CO2濃度を特定するために分析されたスペクトルサイン.

主要な成果:

ヨーロッパの地質学的に若い地域であるタラ・レジオで CO2 の濃度が高いことが検出されました
CO2の空間的分布は,広範囲に広がる外部供給ではなく,局所的,内部源を示唆しています.
最近再表面化した地形に CO2 が存在することは,ヨーロッパ内部とのつながりを強く示唆しています.

結論:

惑星の表面で観測されたCO2は内部にある炭素源から発生している可能性が高く惑星の表面下にある海洋から発生している可能性が高く
この発見はヨーロッパの海には生命の重要な要素である炭素が含まれているという仮説を裏付けています
直接的な海洋由来は好ましいが,海洋由来物質の表面放射性処理は完全に排除できない.

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