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Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms03:26

Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms

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The alkali metal sodium (atomic number 11) has one more electron than the neon atom. This electron must go into the lowest-energy subshell available, the 3s orbital, giving a 1s22s22p63s1 configuration. The electrons occupying the outermost shell orbital(s) (highest value of n) are called valence electrons, and those occupying the inner shell orbitals are called core electrons. Since the core electron shells correspond to noble gas electron configurations, we can abbreviate electron...
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Oxidation-Reduction Reactions03:11

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

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Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
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Phase I Oxidative Reactions: Overview01:19

Phase I Oxidative Reactions: Overview

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Phase I biotransformation, or functionalization, is a crucial chemical process that converts drugs and other xenobiotics into more water-soluble forms, facilitating expulsion from the body. It involves oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic reactions that add or unveil polar functional groups on lipophilic substrates. Key players in phase I reactions are the mixed-function oxidases. Situated in liver cell microsomes, these enzymes predominantly carry out drug metabolism. They require molecular...
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

10.3K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
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Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules01:19

Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules

6.7K
Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
6.7K
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

11.7K
Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate.  The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
11.7K

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シングル・セリウム・センターにおける2電子酸化

Yi Wang1, Jiefeng Liang1, Chong Deng1

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 22, 2023
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は単一のセリウム (II) センターで2電子酸化を達成し,新しいセリウム (IV) オクソおよびイミド複合体を生み出した. この画期的な発見は 希土金属の化学と触媒の可能性を広げています

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Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods
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Using Cyclic Voltammetry, UV-Vis-NIR, and EPR Spectroelectrochemistry to Analyze Organic Compounds
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Using Cyclic Voltammetry, UV-Vis-NIR, and EPR Spectroelectrochemistry to Analyze Organic Compounds

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関連する実験動画

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Using Cyclic Voltammetry, UV-Vis-NIR, and EPR Spectroelectrochemistry to Analyze Organic Compounds
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科学分野:

  • 無機化学
  • 有機金属化学
  • 希土金属科学

背景:

  • 二電子酸化は合成と触媒において極めて重要であり,通常は単一の移行金属またはアクチニド部位で発生する.
  • 希土金属の酸化還元化学は,利用可能な酸化状態の制限と低値化合物の不安定性のために,1電子プロセスに制限されています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 単一の希土金属中心で2電子酸化プロセスを達成し,特徴づけること.
  • 異なる酸化状態における新型セリウム複合体の合成と電子構造を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 三脚のトリス・アミド・アレン・リガンドを用いたセリウム (II-IV) コンプレックスの一連の合成と特徴付け.
  • 電子構造と結合を解明するための実験的および理論的研究 (例えば,光譜,X線結晶学,DFT計算).

主要な成果:

  • 4f2イオンとして記述される δ-バックドネーションによって安定したセリウム (II) 複合体の成功合成.
  • セリウム (II) からセリウム (IV) への2電子酸化を証明し,末端オクソおよびイミド複合体を形成する.
  • 複数の結合相互作用を明らかにするセリウム (IV) オクソおよびイミド複合体の特徴.

結論:

  • この研究は,単一の希土金属中心,特にセリウムの2電子酸化の実現可能性を示しています.
  • この発見は 希土金属の分子化学に 新たな次元をもたらし 既存の限界を 覆すものとなりました
  • 開発されたセリウム複合体は,触媒応用と再酸化化学の基礎研究のための新しい道を提供します.