自免疫疾患におけるCAR T細胞療法
Georg Schett1, Andreas Mackensen2, Dimitrios Mougiakakos3
1Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 25, 2023
まとめ
CD19を標的とする化学抗原受容体 (CAR) T細胞は,自己免疫疾患に対する新しいアプローチを提供します. これらのT細胞は 自己反応性B細胞を 枯渇させ 狼や皮膚炎などの 症状を緩和します
科学分野:
- 免疫学と医学
背景:
- ループスやリウマチ性関節炎や 多発性硬化症のような 自己免疫疾患には 自己反応性B細胞が含まれます
- B細胞を枯渇させる抗体を含む現在の治療は,特定の組織に固有の自己反応性B細胞があるため,しばしば失敗します.
- 化学抗原受容体 (CAR) T細胞療法では,B細胞悪性腫瘍の治療に成功しています.
研究 の 目的:
- CAR T細胞を用いた自己反応性B細胞を標的とする進化する戦略をレビューする.
- 自己免疫疾患の治療における CAR T細胞療法の可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- CD19抗原を標的にするキメリック抗原受容体 (CARs) で設計されたオトログのT細胞を使用する.
- CD19 CAR T細胞の有効性を,自己免疫疾患の臨床前および臨床環境で調査する.
主要な成果:
- CD19 CAR T細胞は,循環中のB細胞の迅速かつ持続的な枯渇を誘導する.
- 耐火性全身性白血球症および皮膚炎の患者で臨床および血清学的寛解が成功している.
- リンパ系臓器や炎症組織にある自己反応性B細胞を標的とする可能性が示されています.
結論:
- CD19 CAR T細胞治療は,自己免疫疾患に対する有望な新しい手法です.
- このアプローチは,病原性自己反応性B細胞に対する標的型戦略を提供します.
- CAR T細胞の戦略に関するさらなる研究は 自己免疫疾患の治療に革命をもたらすでしょう
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