強力な溶媒と二重リチウム塩は, -78 °Cから60 °Cまで動作する急速充電リチウムイオン電池を可能にします
Yumeng Zhao1, Zhenglin Hu1, Zhengfei Zhao1
1Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 28, 2023
まとめ
ディメチル硫酸塩 (DMS) 溶媒と二重リチウム塩 (LiFSIとDFOB-) を使用した新しい電解質は,極度の温度と高速でリチウムイオン電池の性能を向上させます. この設計は,高度なバッテリーアプリケーションの劣化問題を克服します.
科学分野:
- 電気化学
- 材料科学
- エネルギー貯蔵
背景:
- リチウムイオン電池は,高い充電/放電率と低い温度で性能の制限に直面しています.
- 現在の炭酸エレクトロライトはリチウム+の伝導が制限され,リチウム+の溶解が遅いため,厳しい条件下でバッテリーの効率を阻害します.
研究 の 目的:
- リチウムイオン電池の性能を広範囲の温度と高電流密度で向上させる新しい電解質システムを開発する.
- 従来の電解質の熱力学的限界を,イオン-溶媒とイオン-アニオン相互作用の分子レベル調整で解決する.
主な方法:
- ディメチル硫酸塩 (DMS) の溶媒でリチウムビスフローロスルフォニルイミド (LiFSI) とディフローロスルフォニルボラート (DFOB-) を使用した二重リチウム塩電解質の調製.
- Li+伝導,溶解,および電極/電解質インターフェースの振る舞いを含む電解質の特性.
- 様々な温度条件 (-78 °Cから60 °C) と高電流密度 (最大41.3 mA cm-2) のグラファイトサックLiCoO2パッチセルの性能試験.
主要な成果:
- LiFSI/DFOB-/DMS電解質は,幅広い温度範囲で迅速なLi+伝導とスムーズなLi+溶解を示した.
- 超薄で自己限定の電極と電解質のインターフェイスと,電極の互換性を改善する電気の二重層が形成された.
- 高電流 (41.3 mA cm-2) と -78 °Cから60 °Cまでの温度で安定したサイクルが達成されました.
- 1 Ahのポーチセルは, - 20 °C (2 °Cの速度) で80%の容量, - 50 °C (0.1 °Cの速度) で86%の容量を維持した.
結論:
- 強力な溶媒と二重リチウム塩の戦略は,電解質の熱力学的限界を効果的に克服します.
- この電解質の設計により,極端な温度や高速度の条件下で動作する高性能リチウムイオン電池が可能になります.
- この発見は,次世代のエネルギー貯蔵ソリューションのための先進的な電解質を開発するための新しい経路を提供します.
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