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関連する概念動画

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

34.7K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

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Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
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Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light02:00

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

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Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

147.1K
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
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Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

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In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Rapid Analysis of Circadian Phenotypes in Arabidopsis Protoplasts Transfected with a Luminescent Clock Reporter
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Rapid Analysis of Circadian Phenotypes in Arabidopsis Protoplasts Transfected with a Luminescent Clock Reporter

Published on: September 17, 2016

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植物 の 進化 的 な エピジェネティック の 時計

N Yao1, Z Zhang2, L Yu3

  • 1Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

新しい"エピミュテーションクロック"は DNA メチル化変化を用いて 植物進化を何年 何世紀にも渡って年代測定し,従来の分子クロックよりもはるかに速い. この方法は植物の一族樹を正確に再構築し,生物多様性研究のための新しいツールを提供します.

さらに関連する動画

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for the Identification of Arabidopsis Protein-DNA Interactions In Vivo
12:36

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for the Identification of Arabidopsis Protein-DNA Interactions In Vivo

Published on: January 14, 2016

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Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds
08:05

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

Published on: June 7, 2013

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Rapid Analysis of Circadian Phenotypes in Arabidopsis Protoplasts Transfected with a Luminescent Clock Reporter
07:42

Rapid Analysis of Circadian Phenotypes in Arabidopsis Protoplasts Transfected with a Luminescent Clock Reporter

Published on: September 17, 2016

12.9K
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for the Identification of Arabidopsis Protein-DNA Interactions In Vivo
12:36

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for the Identification of Arabidopsis Protein-DNA Interactions In Vivo

Published on: January 14, 2016

20.5K
Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds
08:05

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

Published on: June 7, 2013

17.8K

科学分野:

  • 進化生物学
  • ゲノミクス
  • エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • DNA配列に基づいた分子時計は,マクロ進化の年代測定に不可欠ですが,近年の進化史には遅すぎます.
  • 古典的なDNAクロックは10〜10〜8年の時間スケールで動作し,最近の多様化イベントの有用性を制限します.

研究 の 目的:

  • DNAメチル化変化に基づく高解像度分子時計を導入し検証する.
  • 最近の植物系を再構築する際の"エピミュテーションクロック"の有用性を実証する.

主な方法:

  • 植物ゲノムにおける特定のサイトシンにおけるストキャスティックなDNAメチル化変化を調査した.
  • 数年から数世紀までのスケールで 系統遺伝的年代測定のための"エピミュテーション時計"を開発し 適用した.
  • アラビドプシス・タリアナとゾステラ・マリーナを使って 実験的に時計の精度を検証した.

主要な成果:

  • DNAメチル化変化は 時計のような振る舞いを表し DNAベースの時計よりも数倍速く動作します
  • エピミュテーションクロックは 既知の種内遺伝子樹と分岐時間を成功裏に再現した.
  • 自己受精植物 (*Arabidopsis thaliana*) とクローン植物 (*Zostera marina*) の両方で検証された結果

結論:

  • エピミュテーションクロックは 植物進化における高解像度の時間的研究のための強力な新しいツールを提供します
  • この発見により 植物生物多様性や近年の進化の動態を 探求する道が開けています
  • エピジェネティックの変化は植物における 系統遺伝学的分析の より速く,より正確な方法を提供します.