CPAP治療の遵守と再発性心血管疾患のリスク:メタ分析
Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre1,2, Esther Gracia-Lavedan2,3, Ivan D Benitez1,2
1Precision Medicine in Chronic Diseases, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova-Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
JAMA
|October 3, 2023
まとめ
阻害性睡眠無呼吸 (OSA) の継続的な陽性気道圧 (CPAP) は,心血管疾患を全体的に有意に減少させなかった. しかし,CPAP治療の良好な遵守は,再発性心血管疾患のリスクの低下と関連していました.
科学分野:
- 心臓病科
- 睡眠医学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 二次性心血管疾患の予防における継続的な正気圧 (CPAP) の役割は,現在進行中の議論の対象となっている.
- 阻害性睡眠無呼吸 (OSA) は,しばしば心血管疾患のリスクの増加と関連している一般的な状態です.
研究 の 目的:
- OSAに対するCPAP治療が心血管疾患の発生率に与える影響を評価する.
- ランダム化臨床試験のメタ解析を通じて,二次性心血管予防におけるCPAPの有効性を決定する.
主な方法:
- 2023年6月22日まで複数のデータベース (PubMed,EMBASE,CENTRAL,ClinicalTrials.gov) で体系的な検索が行われました.
- 関連するランダム化臨床試験の個人参加者データ (IPD) は,コックス回帰モデルによる1段階および2段階のメタ解析を用いて分析された.
- CPAPの適合の効果を評価するために,限界構造モデルを用いた治療後の分析が用いられました.
主要な成果:
- 4186人の参加者の総合的な分析では,CPAPと通常治療群の主要な心血管不良事件 (MACCE) の有意な差異は示されなかった (HR,1. 01; 95% CI,0. 87-1. 17).
- しかし,治療中の分析では,良好なCPAPアデランス (≥4時間/日) (HR,0. 69; 95%CI,0. 52- 0. 92) の患者でMACCEのリスクが著しく低下することが示されました.
結論:
- CPAPの全般的な使用は,再発性心血管疾患の予防に有意な効果を示さなかったが,CPAP治療の良好な遵守はリスクの低下と関連している.
- 治療の順守は,OSA患者における二次性心血管疾患予防の重要な要因です.
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