ホルモン媒介の神経改造は,妊娠中の育児の始まりを指揮する

Rachida Ammari¹, Francesco Monaca¹, Mingran Cao¹

¹State-Dependent Neural Processing Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 5, 2023

まとめ

エストラディオールやプロゲステロンのような妊娠ホルモンは母親の脳の回路を形作りますこれらのホルモンはゲランリン発現するニューロンを視界前部に変化させ両親の行動にマウスを準備します

科学分野:

神経科学
内分泌学
行動生物学

背景:

妊娠は母性に対する重要な生理的,行動的適応を伴います
妊娠ホルモンが親の準備行動を誘発する神経機構は完全に理解されていません.

研究の目的:

妊娠ホルモンが神経回路を改造して両親の行動を調べるためだ
ホルモンが誘発する行動の可塑性に関与する特定の脳領域とニューロン集団を特定する

主な方法:

エストラディオールとプロゲステロンの作用を研究するためにマウスモデルを使用し,中央前視領域 (MPOA) のガランリン (Gal) を発現するニューロンを使用した.
ニューロンの興奮性,デンドリティック脊椎形成,シナプス入力における変化を調べた.
生体内の集団活動と,子犬の刺激に対する反応の測定.

主要な成果:

エストラディオールとプロゲステロンは,親の行動に不可欠なMPOA^Galニューロンに作用します.
エストラディオールはこれらのニューロンを静止させながら逆説的に刺激性を高めます
プロゲステロンは,デンドリティック脊椎形成とシナプス入力を促進することによって,永久に回路を再構成し,より強く,より選択的な子犬の反応につながります.

結論:

妊娠ホルモンは特定の神経回路,例えばMPOA^Galニューロンを育児のニーズに備えて再構成します
このホルモンの作用は持続的な神経変化を誘発し両親の行動の準備を高めます
この研究はホルモンが脳を将来の行動に備えるための新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています

さらに関連する動画

06:40

Analysis of Electrocardiograms and Behavior in Mice from Pregnancy to Lactation Period

Published on: April 5, 2024

496

04:20

Author Spotlight: Exploring Microglial Interactions with Stress-Response Circuitry Using the Limited Bedding and Nesting Model

Published on: July 12, 2024

1.6K

関連する概念動画

01:07

Teratogenicity

2.5K

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

2.5K

01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

1.5K

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...

1.5K

01:31

Neurotransmitters

986

Neurotransmitters are essential chemical messengers within the nervous system, facilitating the communication between neurons. These chemical messengers, varying in function and effect, are critical for sustaining various aspects of neurological health and emotional well-being.

986

01:01

Neuroplasticity

397

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.

397

01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

417

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...

417

01:27

Ovarian Cycle

1.3K

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...