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Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
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核から最も高い地上のヘ/ヘ4

F Horton1, P D Asimow2, K A Farley2

  • 1Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA. fhorton@whoi.edu.

Nature
|October 18, 2023
PubMed
まとめ

科学者はバフィン島の溶岩で非常に高いヘリウム-3 (3He) とヘリウム-4 (4He) の比率を発見し,この原始的なガスの核起源の可能性を示唆した. この 発見 は,ヘリウム に つい て 長い間 信じ られ て き た 見方 に 異議 を 唱え て い ます

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Nuclear Binding Energy

The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons...
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