イギリスにおける病院で感染したSARS-CoV-2の負担と動態
Ben S Cooper1,2, Stephanie Evans3, Yalda Jafari4
1NDM Centre for Global Health Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. ben.cooper@ndm.ox.ac.uk.
Nature
|October 18, 2023
まとめ
COVID-19 パンデミックの間,多くの患者が病院でSARS-CoV-2に感染しました. 病院での感染を減らすことは,コミュニティでの感染を制御し,脆弱な患者を保護する上で鍵となるものです.
科学分野:
- 流行病学
- 感染症
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 病院での感染は,以前のコロナウイルス感染症 (MERS-CoV,SARS-CoV) で大きな役割を果たしました.
- SARS-CoV-2 パンデミック中の病院での感染に関する大規模な研究は限られている.
- 病院内での感染は,脆弱な患者にリスクをもたらし,コミュニティでの感染に影響を与える可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- イギリスにおける病院内でのSARS-CoV-2感染を定量化する.
- 病院で得られたSARS-CoV-2感染の経路と危険因子を特定する.
- 病院での感染の減少が コミュニティでの感染抑制に与える影響を調べる
主な方法:
- イギリスの急性病院のデータ分析 (2020年6月 - 2021年3月).
- 病院内でのSARS-CoV-2感染率の定量化
- 伝染源と関連する要因を特定するための時間系列分析
主要な成果:
- 推定95,000~167,000人の入院患者が病院でSARS-CoV-2に感染した (1~2%の入院者).
- 病院で感染した患者は,他の患者への感染の主な原因でした.
- シングルルームが少なく,ベッドあたりの暖房量が少ない病院では,感染が増加しました.
結論:
- 病院で感染したSARS-CoV-2の感染はかなり多く,以前は認識されていなかった.
- 病院内での感染を減らすことで 公衆衛生の介入の効果が著しく向上します
- 病院の設計と制御対策は 将来の病原体の伝播を緩和するために強化する必要があります
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