農業関連キノコからのゲノム採掘は,テルペンのようなコア構造を持つd-グルコースエステル化されたポリケチドをもたらした
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 10, 2023
まとめ
研究者達が発見したトレコノリンは 独特のバイサイクルコアと 異常なグルコース変異を特徴とする 菌類の新種の天然産物です この発見により 菌類の代謝産物と その生物合成に関する理解が広がります
科学分野:
- 自然製品化学
- 菌類学
- 生物化学
背景:
- 菌類の生物合成遺伝子クラスター (BGC) は多様な天然産物の源である.
- 菌のBGCを理解することは,新しい生物活性化合物の発見に不可欠です.
- 異なる真菌種で保存されたBGCは重要な生物学的役割を示唆する.
研究 の 目的:
- キノコのBGCから作られた新しい天然製品を特定し,特徴づけること.
- 保存され,特徴づけられていないポリケチドBGCの生物合成経路と化学構造を調査する.
- 自然製品の生物合成における異常なグリコモディフィケーション戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 植物病原体と生物制御菌からのBGCの比較分析
- BGCを特定し,関連する代謝物を予測するゲノムマイニング.
- トレコノリンの化学構造の解明
- サイクル添加とグリコモディフィケーションを含む生物合成経路分析の提案
主要な成果:
- 特徴づけられず保存されたポリケチドBGCが特定された.
- 関連メタボリートであるトレコノリンは,独特のトランス融合した5,7バイサイクルコアで特徴付けられました.
- トレコノリンの核は (4 + 3) サイクル添加反応によって形成される.
- トレハロースエステル分裂から得られたd-グルコースを含む新しいグリコモディフィケーション戦略が観察されました.
結論:
- トレコノリンは 独特のバイサイクルのコアを持つ 新しい種類の真菌産物です
- 生物合成経路には,異常なサイクル添加と独特のグリコモディフィケーションメカニズムが含まれています.
- この発見は,新しい真菌代謝産物と生物合成経路を特定するための比較ゲノミクスの可能性を強調しています.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
01:20The Central Dogma
21.2K
The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
21.2K
01:27Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry
2.0K
Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture and the food industry, contributing to soil fertility, crop protection, and food production. Their functions range from nitrogen fixation and biopesticide production to fermentation and food preservation, making them indispensable to sustainable farming and food safety.Role in AgricultureNitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living), convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological nitrogen...
2.0K
01:26Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides
984
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
984
01:29Microbes in Food Production
403
Microbial fermentation is central to food biotechnology, enhancing flavor, texture, preservation, and stability. Fermentative microorganisms metabolize carbohydrates into organic acids, alcohols, and other metabolites that inhibit spoilage organisms and improve digestibility while contributing distinctive sensory qualities.In baking, amylases naturally present in flour hydrolyze starch into monosaccharides such as glucose, which Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferments anaerobically. Through...
403
01:22Bioreactor Controls-III
67
Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
67
01:25Production of Organic Acids
105
Lactic acid, an important organic acid extensively applied in food, pharmaceutical, and biodegradable polymer industries, is primarily produced via microbial fermentation. This method is favored over chemical synthesis due to its environmental sustainability and capacity for enantiomerically pure product formation. Among various microbial processes, the fermentation of starch-based substrates stands out due to the abundance and renewability of raw materials like corn and potatoes.Hydrolysis of...
105