プロテオスタシスは,胚細胞の異なる温度感受性を支配する.
Michael W Dorrity1, Lauren M Saunders2, Madeleine Duran2
1Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Cell
|November 10, 2023
まとめ
細胞の比率や遺伝子発現に影響を与えることで 胚の発達を妨げます ノトコルドのゼブラフィッシュの殻細胞は特に敏感で 発達障害を引き起こします
科学分野:
- 発達生物学
- ゲノミクス
- ストレス生物学
背景:
- 胚の発達は頑丈ですが 温度などの環境ストレスによって 損なわれることがあります
- 特定の細胞タイプは ストレスに対して 異なる感受性を表しますが その背後にあるメカニズムは不明です
研究 の 目的:
- 温度ストレスの下でゼブラフィッシュの胚の表型変異に責任を負う細胞タイプと分子経路を特定する.
- 胚の発達中の温度感受性の細胞および分子基礎を調査する.
主な方法:
- 全動物単細胞RNAシーケンシング (scRNA-seq) は,温度ストレスにさらされた何百もの個々のゼブラフィッシュ胚に用いられました.
- 分析は,変異した細胞の比率,変異した遺伝子発現プログラム,および発達のタイミングの非同期性を特定することに焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- 温度ストレスは多数の細胞タイプにおける 細胞型の比率と遺伝子発現プロフィールを変化させました
- 発達のタイミングは 熱的ストレスで非同期になった
- ノトコルドの殻細胞は特に温度に敏感で,誤った折りたたみのタンパク質を蓄積し,構造的なノトコルドの機能不全と解剖学的欠陥を引き起こすことが確認された.
結論:
- 動物全体のscRNA-seqは,発達強さのメカニズムを明らかにし,重要な細胞障害点を特定するための強力なアプローチです.
- ノートコルド・シーツの細胞が温度によって引き起こされるタンパク質の誤折りには,胚の発達における重要な脆弱性がある.
関連する概念動画
02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.5K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.5K
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.5K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.5K
00:57Cellular Differentiation
2.7K
How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...
A zygote is a...
2.7K
01:16What is Homeostasis?
37.8K
Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously maintain its internal conditions. Each physiological condition has a particular set point, from body temperature to blood pressure to levels of certain nutrients. A set point is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates. A normal range is a restricted set of values that is optimally healthful and stable. For example, the set point for normal human body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F).
37.8K
01:14Maintenance of the ES Cell State
2.2K
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
2.2K
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
13.6K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.6K