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食中のナトリウム が 血圧 に 与える 影響: 交叉 試験
Deepak K Gupta1,2, Cora E Lewis3, Krista A Varady4
1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
JAMA
|November 11, 2023
まとめ
食事中のナトリウム摂取量を減らすことは,高血圧状態や薬剤に関係なく,ほとんどの成人の血圧 (BP) を著しく低下させます. この食生活の変化は 血圧の管理に安全で効果的です
科学分野:
- 心血管の健康
- 栄養学
- 高血圧管理
背景:
- 食中のナトリウム摂取量の変動は,血圧 (BP) 反応に影響する.
- 抗高血圧薬を服用している人におけるナトリウムの血圧への影響は十分に研究されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 食事中のナトリウムに対する個々のBP反応の分布を分析する.
- 高ナトリウムダイエットと低ナトリウムダイエットの 血圧の違いを判別する
- これらの差異がベースラインBPと薬剤使用によって変化するかどうかを調べる.
主な方法:
- 213人のコミュニティーベースの参加者 (年齢50〜75歳) との将来的なクロスオーバーデザインです.
- 参加者は1週間の高ナトリウム摂取 (約1週間) を完了しました. 2200 mg/日) と低ナトリウム (約. 500 mg/日 合計) であった.
- 24時間の循環血圧,平均動脈圧,脈圧を測定した.
主要な成果:
- 低ナトリウムダイエットでは平均血圧が4mmHg低下した (P< .001).
- 73. 4%の個人が低ナトリウムダイエットで血圧低下を経験した.
- 血圧の低下は高血圧患者および薬剤服用者を含むサブグループで一貫していました.
結論:
- 食事中のナトリウム摂取量を減らすことは,ほとんどの中年から高齢者の血圧を効果的に低下させます.
- 血圧低下効果は高血圧状態と抗高血圧薬に依存しない.
- 血圧管理のための安全で一貫した介入です.
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