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Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV01:43

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

7.5K
During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
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Electron Transport Chains01:28

Electron Transport Chains

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The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
The ETC is comprised of...
98.8K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

14.1K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
14.1K
Carbocations02:10

Carbocations

11.3K
Carbocations are one of the reaction intermediates formed during several nucleophilic substitutions or elimination reactions. A carbocation is an electron-deficient species with the central carbon atom having six electrons and three bonded atoms. The central carbon in a carbocation is sp2 hybridized with trigonal planar geometry. It has an empty p orbital perpendicular to the plane of the structure that can accept electrons. Thus, carbocations act as strong electrophiles and may react with any...
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.6K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane01:41

The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane

2.5K
The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...
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Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Preparation of 6-aminocyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one Derivatives via Tricarbonyltroponeiron
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三重鉄炭基複合体

Jiahao Rao1, Shicheng Dong2, Chengbo Yang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 16, 2023
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は最初の三重金属末端カルビンを合成し,鉄循環カルビンの複合体となった. この突破は,金属カルビンの低スピン状態の制限に挑戦し,合成と材料科学の新たな道を開きます.

さらに関連する動画

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
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The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2025

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The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
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科学分野:

  • 有機金属化学
  • 無機化学

背景:

  • 金属カルビンは有機合成と材料科学において極めて重要です.
  • 通常,金属カルビネは,カルビネリガンドの強いフィールド性質のために,低スピン基底状態 (S = 0 または 1/2) を表します.
  • メタルカービンのスピン状態を調整することは依然として大きな課題です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 第1のトリプレート金属端末カルビンを合成し,特徴づけること.
  • 三重金属カルビネの 独特の性質と反応性を調べるため

主な方法:

  • チオアゾル-2-イリデンのC-S結合を持つ低座標鉄 ((0) N-ヘテロサイクルカルベン複合体の酸化添加による合成.
  • 鉄の循環カルビネ複合体の特徴

主要な成果:

  • 最初のトリプル (S = 1) メタルターミナルカルビーン,鉄のサイクルカルビーン複合体を成功して合成した.
  • 複合体はLXZ型カルビネリガンドと弱いFeC三重結合を特徴とする.
  • 簡単なカービンの結合,弱い核愛性の親和性,そして顔の添加性を含むユニークな反応性を表しています.

結論:

  • この作品は,トリプレート金属端子カービンの最初の例です.
  • 新しい鉄循環カルビネ複合体は,古典的な金属カルビネと比較して明確な反応性を示しています.
  • カタリシスと材料における金属カルビンの新しい可能性を開きます.