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関連する概念動画

Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

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Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
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Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

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John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

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The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
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Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

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Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
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Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Single Cell Multiplex Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction After Patch-clamp
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239の霊長類のゲノム全体で制約された配列要素の識別

Lukas F K Kuderna1, Jacob C Ulirsch1, Sabrina Rashid1

  • 1Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA.

Nature
|November 29, 2023
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は239種の生物を分析し,霊長類特有の規制DNA要素を特定しました. これらの要素は遺伝子調節に不可欠であり,人間の病気と関連しており,最近の進化的変化を強調しています.

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Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics
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Primer Extension Capture: Targeted Sequence Retrieval from Heavily Degraded DNA Sources

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Single Cell Multiplex Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction After Patch-clamp
10:44

Single Cell Multiplex Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction After Patch-clamp

Published on: June 20, 2018

9.8K
Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics
09:40

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

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Primer Extension Capture: Targeted Sequence Retrieval from Heavily Degraded DNA Sources
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科学分野:

  • ゲノミクス
  • 進化生物学
  • 人間 の 遺伝子

背景:

  • 非コードDNAはヒトの遺伝子調節と 複雑な疾患の鍵です
  • 進化的配列の制約は,機能的な規制要素を特定するのに役立ちます.
  • 類人猿に特有のゲノム要素の識別は,迅速な非コーディングDNAの進化と限られたゲノムデータのために困難です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 特に霊長類の選択的制約下の人間の規制要素を特定する.
  • 類人猿に特有の規制配列における最近の進化の役割を理解する.

主な方法:

  • 239種の霊長類の全ゲノム配列を作りました
  • 規制要素の制限を特定するために 5%の誤った発見率を適用しました.
  • 遺伝子発現に対する検証されたシス調節効果

主要な成果:

  • 特定された111,318のDNase I過敏部位と267,410の転写因子結合部位は,霊長類に特異的に制限されています.
  • これらの要素は遺伝子発現にシス調節効果を示しています.
  • 遺伝子発現,複雑な特徴,病気に関連するヒトの遺伝的変異を補強する.

結論:

  • 最近の進化の出来事により,霊長類は他の胎盤哺乳類と大きく異なっています.
  • 霊長類特有の規制要素は機能的に重要であり,人間の健康と関連しています.
  • この研究は,霊長類の進化と人間の病気を理解するための貴重なリソースを提供します.