オキシトシナージック共感性ニューロン集団による脂解の制御
Erwei Li1,2, Luhong Wang1,2, Daqing Wang1,2
1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|December 13, 2023
まとめ
オキシトシン (OXT) は脂肪組織における脂肪分解 (脂解) を調節する. 驚くべきことに 交感性ニューロンのOXTは 代謝を制御し 代謝疾患の新たな治療法を提供します
科学分野:
- 神経内分泌学
- 代謝の調節
- 脂肪組織生物学
背景:
- オキシトシン (OXT) は,出産,授乳,社会的行動における役割で知られている.
- 外因的なOXTは体重,脂質,およびグルコースホメオスタシスを影響し,代謝療法の可能性を示唆する.
- メタボリックホメオスタシスにおける内生OXTの役割はほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 代謝性ホメオスタシスにおける内生性オキシトシン (OXT) の役割を調査する.
- 脂肪組織の脂解の調節におけるOXTの源と機能を特定する.
- 代謝疾患の治療標的としてのOXTの可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- マウスとヒトの両方で研究が行われました.
- OXTによる脂肪組織の脂解の調節を調査した.
- シンパティックニューロンの新しいサブ集団を特定した OXTを生産する.
主要な成果:
- オキシトシン (OXT) はマウスとヒトにおける脂肪組織の脂解の重要な調節剤である.
- OXTはベータアドレナゲンアゴニストの脂質分解効果を高める.
- 代謝作用におけるOXTの以前未確認の源は,チロシンヒドロキシラーゼ陽性シンパティックニューロンから発生する.
結論:
- 末神経系から発生する内生OXTは,脂肪および全身代謝の重要な調節剤である.
- この発見は新種の神経ホルモン経路を 発見しました
- OXTは代謝障害に対する潜在的な治療目標です.
関連する概念動画
Regulation of Food Intake
239
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
239
Sympathetic Signaling
967
Sympathetic signaling, a vital part of the autonomic nervous system, plays a crucial role in mobilizing the body's resources in response to stress or emergencies. It involves the transmission of nerve impulses from sympathetic preganglionic fibers to postganglionic fibers. This results in the release of specific neurotransmitters and activation of adrenergic receptors.
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) onto the ganglionic neurons in the...
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) onto the ganglionic neurons in the...
967
Overview of Lipid Metabolism
1.6K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
1.6K
Hormonal Regulation
43.5K
Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
43.5K
Regulation of Hormone Secretion
3.5K
Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
Humoral...
3.5K
Feedback Loops
57.6K
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
57.6K


