中高エントロピーのナノ合金の3次元原子構造と局所化学順序
Saman Moniri1, Yao Yang1, Jun Ding2
1Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nature
|December 20, 2023
まとめ
研究者は中高エントロピー合金 (M/HEA) の3D原子構造を視覚化しました. これらの合金におけるストレスは化学的短距離順序 (CSRO) と相関し,材料の特性に関する新しい洞察を明らかにした.
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- 金属工学
- ナノテクノロジー
背景:
- 中高エントロピー合金 (M/HEA) は,ほぼ同原子組成の新材料であり,材料設計のパラダイムシフトを提供します.
- M/HEAの重要な仮説は格子歪みですが,その3Dの特徴と元素混合の程度 (ランダムとオーダーされた) は依然として困難です.
- 以前の研究では,M/HEAの局所的な化学的順序が示唆されていますが,この順序と構造的欠陥との相関を直接3D実験で観察することは困難でした.
研究 の 目的:
- M/HEAナノ粒子の3D原子位置を決定し,局所的な格子歪み,ストレンス,および化学的短距離順序 (CSRO) を特徴付ける.
- M/HEAにおける格子歪み,ストレスの異質性,およびCSROの関係を調査する.
- CSROの役割を実験的に観察し理解する 構造的欠陥を媒介する
主な方法:
- M/HEAナノ粒子の3D原子位置を再構築するために原子電子トモグラフィーを利用しました.
- 定量的に分析された局所格子歪み,張力テンソール,双子境界,変位コア,および化学短距離順序 (CSRO).
- 観察された構造的欠陥は,局所化学的秩序の程度と性質と相関する.
主要な成果:
- 高エントロピーの合金には,中等エントロピーの合金と比較して,より大きな局所的な格子歪みと異質な張力があります.
- M/HEAの構造内のストレム分布とCSROとの間には直接的な相関が認められた.
- 中等エントロピーの合金におけるCSRO介在のペアリングが観察され,そのペアリングはエネルギー的に不利なCSRO領域で発生した.
結論:
- この研究は,物質システムの構造的欠陥と局所的な化学的秩序を結びつける最初の実験的証拠を提供します.
- この発見は,格子歪み,ストレス,CSROの相互作用を明らかにすることによって,M/HEAsの基本的な理解を進めている.
- 結果は,格子歪みと局所化学順序をターゲットにエンジニアリングすることによって,M/HEAの特性を調整するための基盤を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Metallic Solids
18.4K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
18.4K
Ionic Crystal Structures
14.4K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.4K
Structures of Solids
14.2K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
14.2K
Molecular Orbital Theory II
19.2K
Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
19.2K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number
9.6K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
9.6K
Valence Bond Theory
8.6K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.6K


